1. By: Ms. Susan M. Pojer

2. Regions of Latin America Central America The Caribbean South America South America

4. Satellite Image of Latin America

6. Bodies of Water Atlantic Ocean Pacific Ocean Gulf of Mexico Caribbean Sea Amazon R. Orinoco R. Uruguay R. Magdalena R. Sao Francisco R. Lake Titicaca Lake Maracaibo Rio de La Plata Parana R.

7. Mountains and Peaks Andes Mts. Sierra Madres Mts. Guiana Highlands Brazilian Highlands Patagonian Plateau

8. Andes Mountains (Peru)

9. Andes One of the longest, continual chain of mountains in the world Runs North to South through 7 countries in South America Home to several volcanoes Highest peak is Aconcagua

10. Llamas in the Andes

11. Llamas Domesticated camel-like animal used in Andean cultures Used for meat, wool and moving various items Llamas are very social animals, living in herds. They can learn simple tasks

12. The Sierra Madres, Mexico

13. Sierra Madres Mts These mountains are known as a cordillera- 2 parallel mountain ranges separated by land. The mountains are separated by the Mexican plateau. Plateau- high, flat mountain like terrain West- Sierra Madre Occidental (high plateau formed by volcanic rock) East- Sierra Madre Oriental (drier climate, more interior)

14. Guianan Highlands, Venezuela

15. Guainan Highlands Home to Angel Falls (longest/largest waterfall in the world) Home to tepuis- misshapen, eroded, mountainous flat tops

16. Brazilian Highlands

17. Covering half of Brazil, most of the population lives here

18. Patagonian Region (Chile)

19. Patagonia Located at the southern end of South America, it is shared between Argentina and Chile The name Patagonian comes from the word Patagon (meaning giant). The word was first used by Ferdinand Magellan (Portuguese explorer) in 1520 to describe the very tall natives Climate/weather ranges from steppe like to cold, with glaciers coming into the lakes

20. Valleys Plains and Basins Amazon Basin Pampas Mato Grosso Gran Chaco Llanos

21. Amazon Rain Forest

22. Rainforest Most of the forest is located in Brazil, followed by Peru Represents half of the world’s remaining rainforest One of the most species-rich areas in the world

23. Mato Grosso

24. Mato Grasso State located in Brazil, meaning “thick Bushes” Includes beautiful waterfalls, cliffs and canyons Cultures are a mix of native, African and European (Portuguese) descents

25. Orinoco Lowlands, the Llanos

26. Llanos Spanish word for plains Plain- flat, low land, covered with grasses/shrubs. Animals mostly graze on plains

27. Cattle Ranching on the Pampas

28. Pampas Fertile lowlands with a mild climate, average precipitation, good for agriculture Grasses Located between Argentina and Uruguay

29. Gauchos of the Pampas, Argentina

30. Gauchos (Cowboys) Located in Patagonia (Argentina, Uruguay, Paraguay and Chile) They herd cattle on the pampas Equivalent to the American cowboy or the Spanish vaquero

31. Deserts Atacama Desert

33. Atacama A plateau located between Peru and Chile Driest desert in the world Changes in the elevation temperature are due to the Humboldt Current which is a cold, low salt content ocean current

34. Cities Mexico City Havanna Port-au-Prince Panama City Santiago Lima Buenos Aires Brasilia Rio De Janiero Caracas Bogota

35. Others Falkland Islands Cape Horn Panama Canal

36. The Falkland Islands or Islas Malvinas

37. Falklands An archipelago located in Patagonia A British territory that enjoys internal self government The capital and only city is called Stanly Legal British citizens Long history of island disputes between the French, Portuguese and the British

38. Cape Horn

39. Named after a city in the Netherlands Located in Chile Ships do not have to make dangerous voyages, they can now use the Panama Canal

40. The Panama Canal

41. Panama Canal Located in the country of Panama, which is an isthmus- narrow strip of land connecting two larger land areas, usually with water on either side The canal connects the Atlantic to the Pacific via the Caribbean Sea. Construction of the canal began in 1881-1914. Many people died while building the canal due to the tropical climate and the mosquitoes. Some builders died of malaria.

42. Going Through the Panama Canal

43. Atlantic Ocean Pacific Ocean Gulf of Mexico Caribbean Sea Amazon R. Orinoco R. Uruguay R. Magdalena R. Sao Francisco R. Lake Titicaca Lake Maracaibo Rio de La Plata Parana R. Andes Mts. Sierra Madres Mts. Guiana Highlands Brazilian Highlands Patagonian Plateau Amazon Basin Pampas Mato Grosso Gran Chaco Llanos Atacama Desert Mexico City Havanna Port-au-Prince Panama City Santiago Lima Buenos Aires Brasilia Rio De Janiero Caracas Bogota Falkland Islands Cape Horn Panama Canal

44. Earthquake Zones

45. Active Volcanoes

47. The Tropical Hemisphere

48. LatinAmericanClimaticZones

49. Very Varied Climate Zones

50. Precipitation

51. Temperatures

52. Elevation

53. Altitudinal Zonation: Vertical Climate

55. Amazon Rain Forest

56. On the Ground Floor of the Rain Forest

57. Three-Tiered Vegetation

58. Three-Tiered Canopy

59. Native Indians of the Amazon

60. Jungle Fauna

61. Jungle Fauna- the animals in a region or area Flora- the plants in a region or area Biota- the living things collectively in a region or area; the plants, animals and fungi

62. Minerals of the Amazon Region Diamonds Amethyst Quartz Bauxite

63. Deforestation in the Amazon

64. Original Forest Cover Future Forest Cover Current Forest Cover

65. Agriculture and Fishing

66. Banana Plantation

67. Bananas Found in tropical climates Needs deep, fertile soil, in particular alluvial soil to grow

68. Harvesting Sugar Cane

69. Growing Coffee

70. Rubber Industry

71. Rubber Produced by latex in plants Trees are slightly cut, through the bark, to drain latex sap Stretchy, flexible and waerproof

73. Oil Drilling in the Gulf of Mexico

74. Eco-Tourism

75. Drug Trafficking Routes

77. Population and Projections

78. Population

79. LatinAmerica’sPopulationDistribution

80. Sao Paolo, Brazil

81. Overcrowding in Sao Paolo, Brazil

82. Squatter Settlements in Major Latin American Cities

83. Squatter Villages Slums/shanty towns or areas Poor Some of the residents may be immigrants Over-crowding Unsanitary conditions, air/water pollution