1. Ecology Part 3
Communities

2. In: pg 30
What is a community? Answer in blue, black or Pencil.

3. What is a community?

4. Do it Now Pg. 30
What is your niche or what do you think niche means in biological terms?
Answer in blue, black or Pencil.

5. Lap top Day Get your computer – Laptop Plug in to the ether net cable
Log on
Use Google Chrome and go on line to my.ccsd.net
Search Vincent Ossana
Biology
Resources
Ecology 3 power point load power point
Unplug from ether net and take your computer back to your table.

6. Unit 2:Ecosystem Dynamics: Biodiversity
Title Page Write the topic for the unit in the middle of the paper and box it in. 2. Divide the paper into 3 equal sections. 3. Put a subtopic/key word in each section. 4. Add an appropriate picture to each section(no stick figures). 5. Each section must have 3 different colors(black and white don’t count). Don’t use the same 3 colors for 2 different sections. 31
Biodiversity
Unit 2:Ecosystem Dynamics: Biodiversity
Niche
Extinction

7. Communities PG. 33 Cornell Notes found on my.ccsd.net
Vincent Ossana Biology Resources Ecology Power Point 3

8. Why are certain populations found in a community?
Limiting factors-any biotic or abiotic factor that restricts organisms in the environment.

9. What are Community Interactions
Predation(+-)
One organism kills and eats another organism.

10. Competition(--) 2 organisms are competing for the same resource.
May be interspecific (between members of different species) or intraspecific (between members of the same species).

11. Habitat-place where an organism lives.
Niche-role and position a species has in its environment.
Organisms with the same niche compete if they are in the same habitat.

12. What is Stability
Disturbance-events that change a community by removing organisms or changing resource availability.
Stability is the ability to resist disturbance and not change.

13. What is Biodiversity The variety of life in an area.
Extinction is when the last individual of a species disappears.
Endangered species=species that are likely to become extinct.
Threatened species=species that are close to becoming endangered.
Biodiversity increases the stability of a community

14. Vocabulary :pg 32 3 Column Vocab Biodiversity Succession Disturbance*
Habitat
Niche
Interspecific Competition*
Intraspecific Competition*
Predation*
Limiting factors
Succession
Disturbance*
Stability*
Extinction
Threatened species
Endangered species
Exotic species
*In notes, not in textbook

15. Do it again Pg. 30 Why is niche an important concept to understand?
Answer in blue, black or Pencil.

16. Out Pg. 30
It is often said that a habitat is the organisms “address” and its niche is like its “job”. Please explain this in 3+ sentences.
Answer in blue, black or Pencil.

17. In Pg. 34
Define – from notes yes you were supposed to do them on your own.
Paramecium
Intraspecific competition
Interspecific competition
Competitive exclusion principle

18. Do it Now Pg. 34 What is your niche at home?
Answer in Blue, Black or Pencil.

19. Pg. 35 - Niche worksheet 100pts
Answer the Questions on the worksheet called Climate and Life about Niche.
Staple tape or Glue this into page 35.

20. Paramecium are microscopic, unicellular protists that live in water.
The 2 species we are looking at do not eat each other, it isn’t a predator prey relationship.
They compete for the same food. Paramecium are predators that feed on algae and bacteria

21. Lab Pg. 36 & 37Virtual Lab: Competing Paramecium
Pg. 36 Analysis Questions
What is exponential growth?
What is carrying capacity?
What is competition?
Pg. 37 – Staple tape or glue the lab sheet into your notebook.
Lab sheet must be glued so you can see it when it opens.

22. Do it again Pg. 34
Which axis do the independent and dependent variables go on?

23. Out pg. 34 In the virtual lab, What were the paramecium competing for?
Was this inter or intraspecific competition?

24. In: pg 38
When the number of rabbits is high, the lynx (increase/decrease).
When the number of lynx is high, the rabbits (increase/decrease).
What negative effect would the removal of the lynx have on the rabbit population?

25. Do it now Pg. 38
So how do niche and carrying capacity work with each other?

26. Deer of the Kaibab pg. 39
Staple tape or glue Deer of the Kaibab into your notebook after you finish the Sea otter project.
You will be working on the hand out first then you will write the otter questions after that appear on the next slide.

27. Sea Otter - Enhydra lutris

28. Pg. 39 Article: Ocean Keepers write out questions: What is kelp?
Why are scientists keeping a close eye on the sea otter?
What is an ecosystem?
Why was the sea otter population almost wiped out in the 1700-early 1900’s?
What is causing the sea otters to die out now?
What parasites are infecting sea otters?
How do the parasites get inside the sea otter?
What is a keystone species?
Why are otters considered a keystone species?
How do sea otters keep kelp populations healthy?

29. Intermediate disturbance hypothesis
In: pg 40 – 100pts
Watch the movie clip ”Khan Academy: Disturbance” and explain the following terms(9 minutes)
Primary succession
Pioneer species
Secondary succession
Climax community
Intermediate disturbance hypothesis

30. Do it now Pg. 40
What would happen to Las Vegas if all of the people left one night and never came back? (You need word your answer using the succession terms learned in the video)

31. Mt. St Helens Project pg. 41
Mount St. Helens: A Story of Succession Questions
Read Mount St. Helens: A Story of Succession and answer the questions
Tape the completed question sheet on this page.

32. If a community is disturbed it has to “start over”
Succession is a change in the species that make up a community over time.
If a community is disturbed it has to “start over”
Primary succession-development of a community in an area that has not supported life before—no soil.
Secondary succession-sequential replacement of an existing community following a disturbance (fire , flood, landslide,etc.)

33. Wed 10/14 and Thurs 10/15

34. In: pg 42
Species can be native or endemic to their habitat, that means they occur naturally.  Exotic species or Introduced species are not native to an area. Sometimes an exotic species will overwhelm native species and cause harm, when this happens the exotic species is called an invasive species.
Do you think the following species are Endemic, Exotic or Invasive in Southern Nevada? 1. 8.

35. 1. Dog

36. 2. Desert Tortoise

37. 3. Tumble weed

38. 4. Pigeon

39. 5. Coyote

40. 6. African honeybee

41. 7. Mustang

42. 8. Roadrunner

43. Do it again Pg. 42
Why do you think invasive species are bad for an area?

44. Notes pg. 43 – not Cornell use the diagram we will make.
The number of different ecosystems created by unique interactions between biotic and abiotic factors.
Ecosystem Diversity
Types of Biodiversity
Types of Biodiversity

45. How many different ecosystems do you see?

46. Thru 1:pg
Measured by species richness-the number of different species in an ecosystem.
Species Diversity
Types of Biodiversity
Types of Biodiversity

47. Which has more species diversity?

48. Thru 1:pg Genetic Diversity
Types of Biodiversity
Types of Biodiversity
Genetic Diversity
The number of genetic variations (genes) between members of the same species.

49. High Genetic Diversity

50. Thru 1:pg
The number of different ecosystems created by unique interactions between biotic and abiotic factors.
Measured by species richness-the number of different species in an ecosystem.
Ecosystem Diversity
Species Diversity
Types of Biodiversity
Types of Biodiversity
Genetic Diversity
The number of genetic variations (genes) between members of the same species.

52. Thru 2
Pg. 44
Top 10 #5 Cartoon
Pick ANY concept we have talked about in this chapter.
Make sure you read the directions on your Top-10 sheet.
Pg. 65
Invasive Species Web Quest
Answer the 12 questions here.
You do not need to write out the questions.

53. Do it again pg. 42
Why might an invasive species be released into an area on purpose?

54. Out
Read the comic below and then select the response that best matches your response.
Pick 1
Which of the following best matches how you would respond to releasing the crawdad (i.e. crayfish) into a non-native environment?
Releasing one crayfish into the creek will have no impact on the organisms that currently live there.
The crayfish will adapt to its environment or die because nature works on the rule of “survival of the fittest.”
Introducing the crayfish to a new environment could have a serious impact on the organisms that currently live there.
Why did you select your response? Please explain your logic in more detail.

55. Fri 10/16 and Mon 10/19 Quiz #6 today-get out paper and your INB
Test and INB check next class.

56. Quiz #6

57. In: pg 62
6 Facts
Endangered
Species
Act

58. Thru 1: pg. 63 Movie: Extinction
Complete the questions on this page as you watch the movie.

59. Out
One of the first mass extinction events was when the dinosaurs were wiped out by a meteor impact. Scientist say we are currently in the Sixth Mass Extinction. What is the primary cause of the Sixth Mass Extinction?
A tree left behind in a deforested Amazon rainforest

60. Old stuff

61. Symbiotic relationships Symbiosis-living together
Parasitism (+-)
A parasite lives off of a living host.

62. Mutualism(++)
Both species benefit from the relationship.

63. Commensalism(+0)
One organism benefits, the other organism is not affected.

64. Thru 2 Pg 48 Human Population More/ Less Map
Create a More/Less map with your group on the white board.
Start by placing the “More People” card in the center of the board.
Place the remaining cards around the central idea of “More People”.
Draw arrows to represent logical connections between the cards. All cards must be used.
There are 4 blank cards. Write a “more or less” statement on each blank card and incorporate it into your “More/Less” Map.
Copy the More/Less map into your INB—you can use both pages.
Pg 49

65. More/Less Map More People More More Fossil fuel use More Energy use
CO2 emissions
More People

66. Out
What are some negative consequences of increasing human population?
What are some of the positive consequences?

68. In: pg 142
What is the difference between population size and population density?
Where is the greatest human population density on the globe?

69. Human population Human population is experiencing exponential growth.
As of October 12, 1999, the human population on earth was 6 billion. As of 2006, it was more than 6.5 billion.

70. What do you think our carrying capacity is?
How many people can the earth hold?
World population clock

71. In: Pg 146 Watch the “World Population” clip.
What are 5 things you notice about human population growth?

72. Homework
Finish vocab

73. Out
The first species to come in after a disturbance is called a pioneer species—where do you think this name came from?

74. Mon. 5/20 and Tues. 5/21
Quiz #6 today!
Test and INB check next class!

75. INB quiz #6
The number of individuals per area is the population ________.
Pg 139. What is the answer to # 4?
Pg 139. What is the answer to # 11?
Pg. 139 What is the answer to # 23?
Pg What is the answer to #29?
Is flooding a density independent or density dependent factor?
What are the first species into an area after a disturbance called?
What community interaction is (+, +)?
A ________is the role or position a species has in the environment.
________ is the ability to resist disturbance.

76. In: pg 150
What are 3 adaptations that prey species have evolved to escape predators?

77. In: Pg 58
In order for California sea otters to be taken off the list of threatened species--part of the 1977 Endangered Species Act--the population needs to reach at least 3,090 animals and remain at that level for three consecutive years.
How many sea otters were there in 2004?
How many more otters does the population need to not be considered threatened?
In the future, do you think the sea otters will be taken off the list? Why?

78. Thru 1: pg. 151 Movie: Baking Deserts Organism Adaptation 1. 15.
Organisms Interaction 5.