1. Overexploitation Tokyo Tuna Market

2. Pet and Garden Market

3. Gray Parrots in Smuggler’s Crate

4. Tropical Fish for Aquarium Trade

5. Cactus Market

6. Saguaro Cactus

7. Consequences of Overexploitation 1.Population Effects - Reduction in population size - Age structure - Sex ratio - Genetic structure 2. Ecosystem Effects

8. Age Structure: A – fish in typical population B – fish taken by fishing

9. Sex Ratios – The Fisher

10. Fisher Distribution

11. Genetic Structure – Coho Salmon

14. Ecosystem Structure – Loss of Large Trees

15. Giant Redwood

16. Redwood Forest in the Air

17. Planting Sequoias

18. Ecosystem Structure – Loss of Snags

19. Loss of Keystone Species - Sea Otter with Sea Urchin

21. Loss of Keystone Species - Glyptodont

22. Exotic Species

23. Mrs. Black Horse, Cheyenne Nation, and dog travois

25. American Chestnut

26. Cracking From Chestnut Blight

27. Exotic Species Conservation biologists typically call introduced species “exotic species” - species which live outside their natural range Botanists typically refer to exotic plants as alien species Other terms you may see include biological invaders, introduced species, invasive species, non-indigenous species, non-native species (my preferred term)

28. How Do Exotic Species Get Dispersed? 1. Stowaways 2. Subsistence and Commerce 3.Recreation 4.Whimsy or aesthetics 5.Science 6.Biological Control

29. Norway Rat as ship rat

30. Earthworms and pre-exotic distribution

31. Cars transport seeds via mud stuck to car

32. Ballast Water Discharge

35. Commerce and Subsistence

37. Monterey Pine

38. Blue Gum Eucalyptus

39. Feral Pig - Florida

40. Bighead Carp

41. Carp Jumping

42. Recreation - Brown Trout

43. Ring-necked Pheasant

44. Chukar

45. Red Deer – New Zealand

46. Whimsy or Aesthetics – European Starling

47. House Sparrow

48. Exotic plants in New Zealand Native flora of 2065 species 24,774 documented introduced alien species About 2200 exotics have become established (naturalized)

49. Multiflora Rose

50. Tree of Heaven - Ailanthus Light blue – counties where Ailanthus is present

51. Scotch Broom

52. Walking Catfish

53. Cherry Headed Conures in San Francisco

54. Monk Parrots – Chicago, Harold Washington Park and Hyde Park

55. Science - Gypsy Moth

57. Africanized Honey Bees

58. Movement of Africanized Honey Bees

60. Biocontrol

61. Klamath Weed – aka – St. John’s Wort

62. Chrysolina beetle

63. Prickly Pear Hedge - Tunisia

64. Prickly pear in Australia – before control

65. Cactoblastis cactorum

66. Prickly pear – same location after control

67. Red Fox - Australia With native Bobuck possum

68. Red fox - Australia