1. Agriculture & Textile Industry

2. The main features of Industrial Revolution

3. Pre-Industrial Society
Farming – Middle ages
Villages fed themselves
One field left fallow (crop free) so it could regain fertility between plantings

4. Pre-Industrial Society
Disadvantages
Land use inefficient
Didn’t try new farming methods

5. Churning Butter

6. Farming Tools

7. Farming Tools

9. Life on the farm Think/Discuss
What is good about this kind of work?
What is bad about this kind of work?

10. Forces for Change
Population growing – more food needed

11. Think/Discuss: Why would farmers need to have many children?

12. Enclosure Movement
Fenced in common pastures
Villages lost land to wealthy land owners; poor became poorer as they worked on another person’s farm.

13. Crop Rotation: Discuss what it is

14. Agricultural Revolution
Crop Rotation
Nutrients replenished by planting other crops
Not left inefficiently fallow

15. Where did this Agricultural Revolution All Begin??
England, Great Britain, The UK

16. (invented by Jethro Tull)
Other discoveries
Seed drill
(invented by Jethro Tull)
(Don’t need to copy this part – just an FYI: It planted seeds into the soil instead of using 10 lbs of seed per acre; only 2 lbs of seeds were used. It also yielded 10x more food and wasted less.)
New crops: corn, potato
Results of Ag. Rev.
More food available
Population increased

19. Cottage Industry Merchants role
Supplied materials (wool, cotton) to cottages to be spun
Took supplies from cottage to cottage
Sell product for more than material and labor

21. Economic system based on
Capitalism
Economic system based on
Private ownership
Free competition
Profit
Cottage industry example of early capitalism
Effects of Capitalism/ Cottage industry
Big profits
Alternative source of income for peasants

22. Textile Industry – Factory System
Textile Industry Invented
Cottages couldn’t keep up with demand (People wanted more than what was available.)
New Inventions :
(wait for pictures on the next slides…)

23. Spinning Jenny

24. Water Frame

25. Power Loom

26. As it improves, does this look like it can fit in a cottage room???
Power Loom
As it improves, does this look like it can fit in a cottage room???

27. Cotton Gin

28. Significance of Textiles for the IR
Textiles were the FIRST industry/the first product that factories ever mass produced

29. Rise of the Factory
New machines, too big for cottage
Factory located near power source (water)

31. Factory System
Division of labor
Specialization of function

34. Think/Discuss Life in the factory
What is good about this kind of work?
What is bad about this kind of work?

35. Assembly Line: “Repetition Makes you Stop Caring”

36. Effects of Textile Factories
Price of good lower – mass produced
Industry increased – demand
Villagers left to find work in factories – urban center grew