2.  Strongyloides stercoralis is a common enteric helminthic parasite  “Thread worm” Parasite of man 38 Species found in dogs, cats and many other mammals 2 different life cycle forms Free-living Parasytic

3.  The Definitive host of Stronglyloides Stercoralis is Humans  S. Fulleboni infects Chimpanzees and Baboons  Geographic Distribution  Tropical and Subtropical Areas  Cases also occur in temperate zones  Most frequently found in rural areas, Insitutional settings and lower socioeconomic groups

4. Morphology  Adult females measure 2-3 mm in length by 20 to 50 μm.  Long cylindrical Esophagus which occupies 1/3 the length of the worm.  Rhabditiod is (L-1 stage) 180 – 380 by 14-20 μm.  Rhabditoid larvae have a short buccal cavity, an attenuated tail and a prominent genital in its early stage. These features are used to differentiate S. stercoralis from Hookworm rhabditiod larvae.

5. Morphology  Filariform larvae (L3, the infective stage) have a long non bulbous esophagus of about 2/5 of the lenght of the body.  Filariform larvae are slender and have a notched tip of the tail.  Filariform larvae measure 300- 600 µm in lenght by 10-20 µm.

7. Rhabditiod Eosophagus

8. The intestinal mucosa during S.stercoralis hyperinfection: a bc d e

9. a b c e d

10.  Frequently is Asymptomatic  GI Symptoms  Abdominal Pain and Diarrhea  Pulmonary symptoms can occur  Dermatological symptoms  Uticarial Rashes in Buttocks and waist area  Immunocompromised patients  Abdominal Pain, Distension, shock, pulmonary and neurological complications with septicemia and is potentially fatal.

11.  Larvae in stool using concentration methods.  Filter paper technique and wet mount preparation.  larvae in duodenal fluid.  Serial Samples.  Antibody detection.  Morphological comparison to other parasites.

12.  Anthelmintics  Ivermectine (200 micrograms/Kg in a single dose)  Albendazole (25 mg/Kg twice a day for 2 days)  Prevention  Teaching sanitation  Proper disposal of human waste

13. References  http://www.dpd.cdc.gov/dpdx/html/Strongyl oidiasis.htm Center for Disease Control and Prevention http://www.dpd.cdc.gov/dpdx/html/Strongyl oidiasis.htm  http://www.diagnose- me.com/cond/C654193.html http://www.diagnose- me.com/cond/C654193.html  Strongyloides Stercoralis. http://www.cdfound.to.it/html/str1.htm#ss0