1. About Nanotechnology
- general informations -

2. What is Nanotechnology?
Nanotechnology is the creation and use of materials or devices at extremely small scales.
1 nm = m

3. Tools In Nanotechnology
The main tools used in nanotechnology are three main microscopes
Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM)
Atomic Force Microscope (AFM)
Scanning Tunneling Microscope (STM)

4. Nanotechnology Foretold
Concept first introduced by American physicist Richard P. Feynman ( )
Calculated that an encyclopedia set could be compressed to fit the head of a pin.
Predicted several aspects in today’s nanotechnology
Advanced microscopes
Developments in fabrication methods
Possibilities of atom-to-atom assembly

5. Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM)
Uses high-energy electron beam to probe material with thickness < 100 nm.
Some electrons are absorbed or bounced off object; some pass through the object and make magnified images
Digital camera records images.

6. Scanning Tunneling Microscope (STM)
Uses nanosized probe to scan objects and materials
Uses tunneling to detect surface and creates a map of surface
Rate of electrons that tunnel from probe to surface related to distance between probe and surface

7. Other Uses for Tools
Microscopes used for imaging and manipulating nanostructures
“Arms” in AFMs and STMs used to move around individual atoms
Scientists at IBM made this image using an STM to with iron atoms into a circular structure

8. Computer Circuits
Computer circuits are small pieces of semiconducting material containing an electronic circuit.
Most commonly used in computers
Consists of as many as millions of transistors.
Nanotechnology is applied to the reduction in the size of these computer circuits!!!

9. Methods of Developing Computer Circuits
The most common method of fabricating computer circuits is the top-down method
Thin films of materials, which make up a mask, are deposited on a silicon wafer
Unnecessary portions are etched off

10. Benefits of Nanotechnology
In the computer world, nanotechnology is important to the development of small computer circuits that can reduced the size of computers.

11. Disadvantages of Nanotechnology
Safety hazards with nanomaterials
Some studies detected possible cancer-causing properties of carbon nanotubes
Some nanomaterials bounded with other materials or components

12. Conclusion
Nanotechnology has a lot of advantages in different kind of activities and becomes more present in our lives.
I think it is the way to develop new technologies , becoming more efficient.