1. Introduction to ANALYSIS

2. Why a person should not fear Statistics

3. Even babies can love statistics…..

4. And even professors love babies…

5. Statistics is a way to get INFORMATION from data.

6. It may look complicated….

11. London Heathrow Airport

16. http://finance.yahoo.com/q?s=^DJI

17. http://www.measuringworth.com/uscompare/ http://www.x-rates.com/d/CAD/CNY/graph120.html Some other statistics….

18. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistics Let’s take a look at what statistics are and what they do.

19. Charles Darwin 1809-1882 Francis Galton 1822-1911 Charles Spearman 1863-1945 Karl Pearson 1857-1936 History

20. Statistics: Getting information from data. Who (what) are we studying? Population 1. Census 2. Sample

21. Statistics: Getting information from data. Who (what) are we studying? Population 1. Census 2. Sample a. Describe b. Infer

22. Statistics: Getting information from data. Who (what) are we studying? Population Sample Two types of analysis 1. Descriptive 2. Inferential Probability

23. Statistics: Getting information from data. Inferential The Probability that what we find in the Sample will apply to the whole Population.

24. Statistics: Getting information from data. Inferential Whenever a sample is utilized, there will always be a “sampling error.”

25. Statistics: Getting information from data. Inferential Whenever a sample is utilized, there will always be a “sampling error.” That “sampling error” will increase as the variability of the measure increases. That “sampling error” will decrease as the size of the sample increases.

26. Statistics: Getting information from data. Inferential The “sampling error.”

27. Most inferential statistics are simply the number of sampling errors a finding is from what was expected.

28. THIS is the universal statistic….

29. The universal statistic…. For example, the t-test is:

30. Or:

31. Ferguson’s Epitaph for a Statistician With no applause from saint or devil He was significant at the.05 level. He squeezed life’s data, but when done He failed to reach the.01. Fergusons, G. A. (1981). Statistical Analysis in Psychology and Education (5 th Ed.). McGraw Hill: New York.