1. Rocks and the Rock Cycle:
                          

2. Rocks and the Rock Cycle:
Can rocks change from one type to another?

3. What is a rock?

4. What is a rock?
A rock is a solid, naturally occurring chunk in the lithosphere that was melted, cemented, or pressed together.

5. What is a rock?
A rock is a solid, naturally occurring chunk in the lithosphere that was melted, cemented, or pressed together.
May or may not contain minerals.

6. Classifying rocks:

7. Classifying rocks:
Texture: Texture is a rock’s grain structure.

8. Classifying rocks: Texture: Texture is a rock’s grain structure.
Geologist’s break up a rock’s grain structure into three categories.

9. Classifying rocks: Texture: Texture is a rock’s grain structure.
Geologist’s break up a rock’s grain structure into three categories.
Grain size

10. Fine grain: Slate

11. Coarse grain: Diorite

12. No visible grain: Flint

13. Classifying rocks: Texture: Texture is a rock’s grain structure.
Geologist’s break up a rock’s grain structure into three categories.
Grain size
Grain shape

14. Rounded grain: Conglomerate

15. Jagged grain: Breccia

16. Classifying rocks: Texture: Texture is a rock’s grain structure.
Geologist’s break up a rock’s grain structure into three categories.
Grain size
Grain shape
Grain pattern

17. Non-banded grain: Quartzite

18. Banded grain: Gneiss

19. Types of Rocks:
Igneous rocks:

20. Types of igneous rocks: Basalt

21. Types of igneous rocks: Obsidian

22. Types of Rocks:
Igneous rocks: This type forms from the cooling of magma or lava.

23. Types of Rocks:
Igneous rocks: This type forms from the cooling of magma or lava.
Extrusive igneous rocks: Formed from lava that hardened on the surface of the Earth.

24. Extrusive igneous: Rhyolite

25. Types of Rocks:
Igneous rocks: This type forms from the cooling of magma or lava.
Extrusive igneous rocks: Formed from lava that hardened on the surface of the Earth.
Intrusive igneous rocks: Formed from magma that hardened beneath the surface of the Earth.

26. Intrusive igneous: Porphyry

27. Igneous rocks: Pumice

28. Types of Rocks:
Sedimentary rocks:

29. Types of Rocks:
Sedimentary rocks: This type forms when particles of other rocks or the remains of plants and animals are pressed and cemented together.

30. Types of Rocks:
Sedimentary rocks: This type forms when particles of other rocks or the remains of plants and animals are pressed and cemented together.
Clastic: Made of small rocks squeezed together.

31. Clastic Sedimentary rocks: Shale

32. Types of Rocks:
Sedimentary rocks: This type forms when particles of other rocks or the remains of plants and animals are pressed and cemented together.
Clastic: Made of small rocks squeezed together.
Organic: Made of the remains of plants or animals.

33. Organic sedimentary rocks: Coquina

34. Types of Rocks:
Sedimentary rocks: This type forms when particles of other rocks or the remains of plants and animals are pressed and cemented together.
Clastic: Made of small rocks squeezed together.
Organic: Made of the remains of plants or animals.
Chemical: Made of minerals that are dissolved in a solution and crystallize.

35. Chemical sedimentary rocks: Tufa

36. Types of Rocks:
Metamorphic rocks: Formed from any rock by heat and pressure deep beneath the Earth’s surface.

37. Types of Rocks:
Metamorphic rocks: Formed from any rock by heat and pressure deep beneath the Earth’s surface.
Foliated rocks: Grains arranged in parallel layers or bands.

38. Foliated rocks: Phyllite

39. Types of Rocks:
Metamorphic rocks: Formed from any rock by heat and pressure deep beneath the Earth’s surface.
Foliated rocks: Grains arranged in parallel layers or bands.
Non-foliated rocks: Grains are arranged randomly.

40. Non-foliated rocks: Hornfels

41. The Rock Cycle Sediment Igneous Rock Sedimentary rock Magma and Lava
Volcanic activity
The Rock Cycle
Melting
Erosion
Deposition
Heat and Pressure
Sediment
Igneous Rock
Sedimentary rock
Magma and Lava
Metamorphic rock

42. The Rock Cycle Sediment Igneous Rock Sedimentary rock Magma and Lava
Volcanic activity
The Rock Cycle
Melting
Erosion
Deposition
Heat and Pressure
Sediment
Igneous Rock
Sedimentary rock
Magma and Lava
Metamorphic rock

43. The Rock Cycle Sediment Igneous Rock Sedimentary rock Magma and Lava
Volcanic activity
The Rock Cycle
Melting
Erosion
Deposition
Heat and Pressure
Sediment
Igneous Rock
Sedimentary rock
Magma and Lava
Metamorphic rock

44. The Rock Cycle Sediment Igneous Rock Sedimentary rock Magma and Lava
Volcanic activity
The Rock Cycle
Melting
Erosion
Deposition
Heat and Pressure
Sediment
Igneous Rock
Sedimentary rock
Magma and Lava
Metamorphic rock

45. The Rock Cycle Sediment Igneous Rock Sedimentary rock Magma and Lava
Volcanic activity
The Rock Cycle
Melting
Erosion
Deposition
Heat and Pressure
Sediment
Igneous Rock
Sedimentary rock
Magma and Lava
Metamorphic rock

46. The Rock Cycle Sediment Igneous Rock Sedimentary rock Magma and Lava
Volcanic activity
The Rock Cycle
Melting
Erosion
Deposition
Heat and Pressure
Sediment
Igneous Rock
Sedimentary rock
Magma and Lava
Metamorphic rock

47. The Rock Cycle Sediment Igneous Rock Sedimentary rock Magma and Lava
Volcanic activity
The Rock Cycle
Melting
Erosion
Deposition
Heat and Pressure
Sediment
Igneous Rock
Sedimentary rock
Magma and Lava
Metamorphic rock

48. The Rock Cycle Sediment Igneous Rock Sedimentary rock Magma and Lava
Volcanic activity
The Rock Cycle
Melting
Erosion
Deposition
Heat and Pressure
Sediment
Igneous Rock
Sedimentary rock
Magma and Lava
Metamorphic rock

49. Minerals

50. What are minerals and what do they look like?

51. Rocks vs. Minerals May contain minerals.
May contain organic substances.
Are classified by the way they were formed.
Occur naturally in the lithosphere as a “chunk”.
Contain elements or combinations of elements in a specific ratio.
Ex. Emerald is
Be Al Si O
May form crystals.
Occurs naturally in the lithosphere as a “chunk”.