1. The Industrialized Democracies
Chapter 15
Section 2

2. American Economy
After WWII, U.S. businesses expanded into the global marketplace
Other nations needed goods and services to rebuild
This led to a period of economic success that changed life in the United States
During the 1950s and 1960s, recessions (economic slowdowns) were brief and mild
As Americans prospered, they left the cities to live in the suburbs which is called suburbanization

3. Why Suburbanization? Americans took advantage of the growing economy
Moved to single family homes
Lawns
Good schools
Access to highways for work commute

4. Suburbanization

5. Suburbanization

6. 1950’s stereotypical family

7. Post-War Housewife

8. Mom Hard at Work in the Fifties
“Housewife” is an old, out-of-style term. Today, the terminology is “stay-at-home mom” or “domestic engineer”

9. Oil Crisis
Job opportunities brought people to the Sunbelt region of the USA
By the 1970s, countries in the Middle East placed an embargo on the USA
The price of oil and gas rose substantially, which meant that people had less money to buy other consumer products
This showed American dependence of oil.
The decades of prosperity ended in 1974, with a serious economic recession

10. Oil

11. Oil Crisis

12. Oil Crisis

13. Energy Inefficient Home

14. Sorry….no gas.
Notice the large gas-guzzling cars of the 1970s. American auto manufacturers were years behind the Japanese in making smaller fuel efficient automobiles.

15. Oil prices in the 1970’s

16. Gasoline prices then and now

17. Gasoline prices

18. Discrimination and Segregation
During the period of prosperity, African Americans and other minorities faced segregation in housing and education
Blacks suffered from discrimination in jobs and voting
Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. emerged as the main civil rights leader in the 1960s
During the 1960s, the U.S. Congress passed some important civil rights legislation

19. Segregation

20. Segregation

21. Segregation

23. Segregation

24. Armed Forces Segregated

25. Brown vs. Board of Education
A 1954 landmark Supreme Court case that declared that segregated schools violated the United States Constitution.

26. Dr. Martin Luther King Delivered the “I have a dream” speech in 1963.
Major civil rights leader in the 1960s
Dr. King organized boycotts and peaceful protests to end segregation in the USA.

27. Positive Effects of Civil Rights Movement
Congress passed new laws
Public segregation outlawed
Voting rights protected
Equal access to housing and jobs
But poverty, unemployment, and discrimination still affected minorities

28. Women Rights Women faced gender discrimination
Example: the women’s rights movement helped to end much gender-based discrimination in jobs and higher salaries

29. Re-Building Western Europe
W. Europe rebuilt after WWII
The Marshall Plan helped restore European economies by providing U.S. aid
After the war, Germany was divided between the communist East and the democratic West, but reunited at the end of the Cold War in 1990
Under Konrad Adenauer, West Germany’s chancellor from 1949 to 1963, Germany build modern cities and re-established trade

30. Marshall Plan Aid to Western Europe

31. Division of Germany into 4 Occupation Zones After World War II

32. Konrad Adenauer

33. Welfare States
European governments also developed programs that increased government responsibility for the needs of people
National Healthcare
Unemployment Insurance
Old-age Pensions
These welfare states required high taxes to pay for their programs

34. European Economy
During the 1980s, some leaders, such as Britain’s Conservative Margaret Thatcher, reduced the role of the government in the economy
Western Europe also moved closer to economic unity with the European Community, an organization dedicated to establishing free trade among its members

35. Margaret Thatcher

36. European Economic Community

37. Japan Japan prospered after WWII
After WWII the Japanese Emperor lost all power.
Japan’s new government was a parliamentary democracy.

38. Japan

39. Toyota

40. Mitsubishi

41. Sony

42. Japan’s economy Its gross domestic product (GDP) soared
GDP = The GDP of a country is defined as the market value of all final goods and services produced within a country in a given period of time
Like Germany, Japan built new factories and produced cheap consumer goods
American military protected Japan so Japan could direct more money to developing its factories

43. Japan’s economy
The Japanese government protected industries by raising tariffs on imported goods
This helped create a trade surplus for Japan but angered the USA who wanted to export more to Japan

44. Powerpoint Questions 1. What does recession mean?
2. Define suburbanization.
3. In what two areas did minorities face segregation? (2 points)
4. In what two areas did African-Americans suffer discrimination? (2 points)
5. Who was a leader of the American civil rights movement?
6. Identify the American plan to help re-build the European economies

45. Powerpoint Questions
7. What West German leader helped re-build West Germany’s shattered economy?
8. What was the national goal of the “Welfare States”?
9. After many years, which British leader reduced the role of government?
10. What is the purpose of the European Community?
11. Define GDP.

46. The End