1. WHY TITAN WORKS AGAINST RESTENOSIS?

2. INTRODUCTION THE CELL MODEL THE HUMAN THE ANIMAL MODEL CONCLUSION WHY TITAN WORKS AGAINST RESTENOSIS ?

3. Why can we be so confident that Titanium-Nitride-Oxide is ACTIVE ? WHY TITAN WORKS AGAINST RESTENOSIS ? INTRODUCTION

4. Because the scientific data available at 3 different levels is UNQUESTIONABLE -The Cell model, -The Animal model, -The Human. INTRODUCTION WHY TITAN WORKS AGAINST RESTENOSIS ?

5. 1-Titanium-Nitride-Oxide is ACTIVE inhibiting PLATELET ADHESION.  « …On the titanium oxide films no platelet aggregation was found, almost no red blood cells were damaged, and almost no fibrin was found on the surface. However, all three characteristics were found on the surface of Carbon… » Journal of Biomedical material 1998 – page 128 THE CELL MODEL WHY TITAN WORKS AGAINST RESTENOSIS ?

6.  « …However, all three characteristics were found on the surface of Carbon… » Beyond pointing out the rationale behind the efficacy of Titanium coating this study, shows that BIOCOMPATIBILITY as such is not a very significanyt factor in reducing restenosis. Carbon a highly biocompatible material widely used in implants has none of the positive effect of Titanium coating. It explains why so many biocompatible coatings have failed to demonstrate any efficacy in the fight against restenosis. THE CELL MODEL WHY TITAN WORKS AGAINST RESTENOSIS ?

7. 2 -Titanium-Nitride-Oxide is ACTIVE minimising inflammatory response acting as a BARRIER Against Cr, Co and Ni ions RELEASE  « …Local tissue response to metal implants is closely related to the amount and toxicity of the corrosion product. Minimal fibrosis is typically observed around Titanium alloys, whereas fibrous layers as much as 2 mm thick are encountered with Co-Cr and especially, steel implants… » Journal of Cardiology 1997 – page 386 « …Stainless steel implants can cause inflammatory hypersensitivity reactions and allergic reactions to metal, which lead to a fibroproliferative response around the implant. A fibroproliferative and inflammatory response is also characteristically seen in restenotic tissue within coronary stents… » The Lancet 2000 – page 1897 THE CELL MODEL WHY TITAN WORKS AGAINST RESTENOSIS ?

8. Titanium Nitride Oxide Vs 316L in porcine model 47% reduction of neointimal hyperplasia REMINDER ! Sirolimus (Cypher) in porcine model 50 % reduction of neointimal hyperplasia THE ANIMAL MODEL WHY TITAN WORKS AGAINST RESTENOSIS ?

9. 55% Titanium Nitride Oxide Binary Restenosis Circulation 15 33 TITANIUM NITRIDE OXIDE BMS THE HUMAN WHY TITAN WORKS AGAINST RESTENOSIS ?

10. 55% 15 33 TITANIUM NITRIDE OXIDE BMS THE HUMAN WHY TITAN WORKS AGAINST RESTENOSIS ?

11. CONCLUSION Today the only stents that have proven to be active on restenosis reduction are : Cypher Taxus Titan2 WHY TITAN WORKS AGAINST RESTENOSIS ?