1. Tropospheric Ozone Over the North Pacific From Ozonesonde Observations Sam Oltmans J.M. Harris, B.J. Johnson, A.M. Thompson, C.Y. Chan, H.Y. Liu, T. Fujimoto, V.G. Brackett, W.L. Chang, J.-P. Chen, J.-W. Kim, L.Y Chan, H.-W. Chang NOAA Climate Monitoring and Diagnostics Laboratory Boulder, Colorado TRACE-P Workshop June 24-26, 2002

2. Ozonesonde Stations Operating During TRACE-P StationLatitudeLongitudeObservations Hilo, Hawaii19.4 o N155.4 o W 1991-present Hong Kong, China22.2 o N114.3 o E1993-present Taipei, Taiwan25.0 o N121.4 o E2000-2001 Naha, Japan26.2 o N127.7 o E1991-present Kagoshima, Japan31.6 o N130.6 o E1991-present Cheju Island, Korea33.5 o N126.5 o E2001 Tateno, Japan36.1 o N140.1 o E1991-present Trinidad Head, Calif.40.8 o N124.2 o W1997-present Sapporo, Japan43.1 o N141.3 o E1991-present

3. Topics Covered 1.Climatology of tropospheric ozone over the North Pacific. 2.Ozone during the TRACE-P period (February – April 2001). 3.Comparison of the February – April 2001 period with longer term averages for these months. 4.Individual profiles.

4. Average Ozone Mixing Ratio at Hong Kong (23N) and Taipei (25N) for February – April 2001 Hong KongTaipei

5. Ozone Mixing Ratio at Hong Kong (23N) on March 27, 2001 at 0518 GMT Trajectory at 3 km on March 27 Solid Line = 00 GMT Dashed Line = 12 GMT

6. Ozone Mixing Ratio at Hong Kong (23N) on March 27, 2001 at 0518 GMT Trajectory at 10 km on March 27 Solid Line = 00 GMT Dashed Line = 12 GMT

7. Ozone Mixing Ratio at Hong Kong (23N) on March 27, 2001 at 0518 GMT Trajectory at 13 km on March 27 Solid Line = 00 GMT Dashed Line = 12 GMT

8. Ozone Mixing Ratio at Hong Kong (23N) on March 16, 2001 at 0539 GMT and Taipei (25N) on March 16, 2001 at 0700 GMT Hong Kong Taipei

9. Ozone Mixing Ratio at Hong Kong (23N) on March 16, 2001 at 0539 GMT Trajectory at 9 km on March 16 Solid Line = 00 GMT Dashed Line = 12 GMT

10. Back Trajectories to Hong Kong on March 16, 2001 at 00 and 12 GMT at 1 km Solid Line = 00 GMT Dashed Line = 12 GMT

11. Back Trajectories to Hong Kong on March 16, 2001 at 00 and 12 GMT at 4 km Solid Line = 00 GMT Dashed Line = 12 GMT

12. Back Trajectories to Hong Kong on March 16, 2001 at 00 and 12 GMT at 9 km Solid Line = 00 GMT Dashed Line = 12 GMT

13. Back Trajectories to Hong Kong on March 16, 2001 at 00 and 12 GMT at 13 km Solid Line = 00 GMT Dashed Line = 12 GMT

14. Back Trajectories to Taipei on March 16, 2001 at 00 and 12 GMT at 0.5 km Solid Line = 00 GMT Dashed Line = 12 GMT

15. Back Trajectories to Taipei on March 16, 2001 at 00 and 12 GMT at 4 km Solid Line = 00 GMT Dashed Line = 12 GMT

16. Back Trajectories to Taipei on March 16, 2001 at 00 and 12 GMT at 9 km Solid Line = 00 GMT Dashed Line = 12 GMT

17. Back Trajectories to Taipei on March 16, 2001 at 00 and 12 GMT at 13 km Solid Line = 00 GMT Dashed Line = 12 GMT

18. Ozone Mixing Ratio at Taipei (25N) on August 24, 2001 at 0300 GMT

19. Average Ozone Mixing Ratio at Naha and Hilo for February – April 2001 Naha Hilo

20. Hilo, Hawaii Average Ozone Mixing Ratio

21. Hilo, Hawaii Ozone Mixing Ratio for February – April 2001

22. Average Ozone Mixing Ratio for February – April 2001 compared with long-term average for February – April for Hilo and Hong Kong  1991-2000 2001 Hilo  1993-2000 2001 Hong Kong

23. Average Ozone Mixing Ratio for February – April 2001 compared with long-term average for February – April for Naha and Kagoshima  1991-2000 2001 Naha  1991-2000 2001 Kagoshima

24. Average Ozone Mixing Ratio for February – April 2001 compared with long-term average for February – April for Tsukuba and Sapporo  1991-2000 2001 Tsukuba  1991-2000 2001 Sapporo

25. Average (Clustered) Isentropic Back Trajectories to Hilo 0.5 km for February - April 2001

26. Average (Clustered) Isentropic Back Trajectories to Hilo 3 km for February - April 2001

27. Average (Clustered) Isentropic Back Trajectories to Hilo 6 km for February - April 2001

28. Average (Clustered) Isentropic Back Trajectories to Hilo 9 km for February - April 2001

29. Ozone Mixing Ratio at Hilo, HI (19.4N) on March 15, 2001 at 1832 GMT and March 16, 2001 at 1828 GMT (0828 HST)

30. Ozone Mixing Ratio at Naha, Japan (26.2N) on April 6, 2001 at 0530 GMT and April 11, 2001 at 0530 GMT

31. Average Ozone Mixing Ratio at Kagoshima (32N) and Tateno (36N) for February – April 2001 Kagoshima Tateno

32. Average Ozone Mixing Ratio at Kagoshima (32N) and Cheju Isl. (33N) for February – April 2001 Kagoshima Cheju Island

33. Average Ozone Mixing Ratio at Kagoshima (32N) and Cheju Isl. (33N) for February – April 2001 Kagoshima  Cheju Island

34. Average Ozone Mixing Ratio at Hilo (19N) and Hong Kong (22N) for February – April 2001 Hong Kong  Hilo

35. Ozone Mixing Ratio at Cheju Island, Korea (33.5N) on March 1, 2001 at 0413 GMT and March 2, 2001 at 0617 GMT March 1, 2001March 2, 2001

36. Average Ozone Mixing Ratio at Tateno (36N) and Sapporo (43N) for February – April 2001 Tateno Sapporo

37. Ozone Mixing Ratio at Tateno, Japan (36N) on February 8, 2001 at 0530 GMT and March 5, 2001 at 0531 GMT February 8, 2001 March 5, 2001

38. Average Ozone Mixing Ratio at Trinidad Head (41N) and Sapporo (43N) for February – April 2001 Trinidad Head Sapporo

39. Trinidad Head, CA Ozone Mixing Ratio for February – April 2001

40. Trinidad Head, California Average Ozone Mixing Ratio for February – April 2001 compared with February – April 1998-2000  2001 1997-2000

41. Average (Clustered) Isentropic Back Trajectories to Trinidad Head at 0.5 km for February - April 2001

42. Average (Clustered) Isentropic Back Trajectories to Trinidad Head at 1 km for February – April During the Period 1990 - 1999

43. Average (Clustered) Isentropic Back Trajectories to Trinidad Head at 3 km for February - April 2001

44. Average (Clustered) Isentropic Back Trajectories to Trinidad Head at 4 km for February - April for the Period 1990 - 1999

45. Trinidad Head, California Average Ozone Mixing Ratio (1997-2001)

46. Ozone Mixing Ratio at Trinidad Head (41N) on April 11, 2001 at 1804 GMT and Sapporo, Japan (43N) April 11, 2001 at 0530 GMT SapporoTrinidad Head

47. Back Trajectories to Trinidad Head on April 11, 2001 at 00 and 12 GMT at 4 km Solid Line = 00 GMT Dashed Line = 12 GMT

48. Results and Preliminary Conclusions In the western Pacific south of about 35 o N there is more ozone in the lower troposphere (<5km) than in the mid-Pacific or higher latitude lower troposphere. At Hong Kong there is a March maximum in the mid-troposphere that is isolated from the later spring peak that occurs in May. All stations show spring maximums but the strongest peaks are in the mid-troposphere at about 30-35 o N. In general the February – April 2001 period seems to have tropospheric ozone amounts that are similar to longer term average amounts. At Kagoshima (32 o N) there was about 10% less ozone than the long-term average. Western Pacific sites south of 30 N show a relative minimum in the upper troposphere.

49. Trinidad Head, California (41 o N) Average Ozone Mixing Ratio

50. Hilo, Hawaii (20 o N) Average Ozone Mixing Ratio

51. Hong Kong (23 o N) Average Ozone Mixing Ratio

52. Kagoshima, Japan (32 o N) Average Ozone Mixing Ratio

53. Clustered Air Parcel Trajectories to Kagoshima, Japan (32 o N) at 4 km for May 1991-2001

54. Clustered Air Parcel Trajectories to Kagoshima, Japan (32 o N) at 4 km for September 1991-2001

55. Tsukuba, Japan (36 o N) Average Ozone Mixing Ratio

56. Sapporo, Japan (43 o N) Average Ozone Mixing Ratio

57. Trinidad Head, California Average Ozone Mixing Ratio