1. What do this picture and this video have in common? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H2zLvWeyiJY

2. Why do we eat?

3. The Digestive System performs a magical transformation…

6. Nutrients (Glucose, Proteins, Lipids, Nucleic Acids) Vitamins Minerals Everything our bodies need to run (except for oxygen!)

7. The journey of food through our digestive system: a.k.a. the “Bite”taking Journey

8. Big Picture: Your gut is one long tube. =

9. = Peristalsis: muscle contractions that move food through body

10. Big Picture: Your gut is one long tube. = Peristalsis: muscle contractions that move food through body Sphincters: valves that open and close to regulate digestion

11. 4 Stages of Digestive System 1)Ingestion 1)Digestion 1)Absorption 1)Elimination

12. Finally, EAT YOUR DOUGHNUT HOLE MOUTH: STAGE 1: Ingestion STAGE 2: Digestion begins… Mechanical vs. chemical

13. STOMACH In 5 – 10 seconds: Your doughnut travels down the esophogus (due to peristalsis) to the… This is a sphincter: STAGE 2: Digestion continues

14. Muscle churns Pepsin (enzyme that breaks down protein) Hydrochloric Acid STOMACH DIGESTION MECHANISMS

15. How do we know so much about the stomach? William Beaumont Alexis St. Martin

17. 2 to 6 hours later…your doughnut will enter the SMALL INTESTINE Where… chemical digestion continues and absorption begins!

18. The SMALL INTESTINE is 20 feet long

19. The liver and pancreas release digestive enzymes into the top of the small intestine…. CHEMICAL DIGESTION! Only happens in the VERY start of the small intestine -- First 10 inches

20. 5 ft and 2 inches remain for ABSORPTION What enables quick and efficient absorption?

21. VILLI Vein carrying blood to liver VILLI Capillaries

22. THE VILLUS SURFACE AREA ENABLES SPEEDY ABSORPTION

23. Vein carrying blood to liver VILLI Capillaries

25. TEST YOUR UNDERSTANDING: 1) What structure feature of the small intestine makes it better suited for absorption than the stomach? 2) What theme of biology does this demonstrate? 3) How is your doughnut moving through small intestine?

26. 5 to 6 hours later…your doughnut will enter the LARGE INTESTINE or COLON Absorption continues… and feces are produced in preparation for…

27. 4. ELIMINATION (12 TO 24 HOURS LATER)

29. BIOLOGY IS AMAZING!: YOUR MICROBIOME

33. Draw and label the path the doughnut is taking/will take through your body… Drawings should include: – 4 stages of digestive system and locations where they occur – Vocabulary words – For each organ, 1 example of structure enabling function SEE PAGE 553 of LIVING WORLD FOR SUPPORT FIRST: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_QYwscALNn g