1. What is Biology? Biology: the scientific study of living things Life can be defined as an organized genetic unit capable of metabolism, homeostasis, reproduction, and evolution. Life is incredibly diverse and complex, and not all organisms display all these characteristics of life all the time.

2. What is Biology? Characteristics of living organisms: Consist of one or more cells Contain genetic information that allows them to reproduce themselves Grow, develop and have a limited life span Are genetically related and have evolved Have the ability to adapt

3. What is Biology? Characteristics of living organisms: Can obtain and use materials and energy. (nutrients converted into ATP) Exchange gases such as oxygen and carbon dioxide Respond to their environment Can regulate their internal environment – maintain Homeostasis

4. The Many Faces of Life (Part 1)

5. The Many Faces of Life (Part 2)

6. What is Biology? Unicellular organisms: a single cell carries out all the functions of life Multicellular organisms: made of many cells that are specialized for different functions

7. All Life Consists of Cells The study of cells was made possible by the invention of the microscope. Discovery of cells was made possible by the invention of the microscope in the 1590s by Dutch spectacle makers Zaccharias and Hans Janssen. The first biologists to improve and apply this technology to living organisms were Antony van Leeuwenhoek and Robert Hooke in the late 1600s. Hooke coined the term cells to describe the repeated structures he saw in cork tissue.

8. What is Biology? Cell Theory: Cells are the basic structural and physiological units of all living organisms. All cells come from pre-existing cells All living things are composed of 1 or more cells

9. What is Biology? Cell Highlights: All cells are similar in chemical composition. Most of the chemical reactions of life occur within cells. Complete sets of genetic information are replicated and passed on during cell division.

10. Adaptations to the Environment

11. What is Biology? DNA: the information that is passed from parent to daughter cells Genome: sum total of all the DNA in the cell All cells in a multicellular organism have the same genome except……...

12. What is Biology? DNA: repeating subunits—nucleotides Gene: a specific segment of DNA molecule—contains information for making proteins Mutations are alterations in the nucleotide sequence.

13. The Genetic Code Is Life’s Blueprint

14. What is Biology? Cells acquire nutrients from their environment. Nutrients supply energy and materials for building biological structures (synthesis). Nutrient molecules contain energy in the chemical bonds.

15. Energy from Nutrients Can Be Stored or Used Immediately

16. What is Biology? Living organisms control their internal environment. Multicellular organisms have an internal environment that is not cellular. Cells are specialized, and organized into tissues, tissues are organized into organs.

17. Biology Is Studied at Many Levels of Organization

18. How is All Life on Earth Related? Metabolism: the sum of all chemical reactions that occur in cells. Catabolism: Anabolism:

19. How is All Life on Earth Related? Eukaryotic cells evolved from prokaryotes. Organelles — membrane bound compartments with specialized functions: Compartmentalization