1. Reformations & the Protestant Work Ethic (1500s -1700s)

2. A note on Reformations Renaissance: Intellectual Protestant: Spiritual & Individualism English: Political

3. The Renaissance:(1490s – 1700s)  Birth of Humanism  Ability of the human mind  Time of re-thinking  Mysticism to rationalism  Universities emerge  Liberalism  Dissent  Threat to Roman Catholisism  Printing Press

4. The Renaissance: (1490s – 1700s) Intellectual Reformation Rediscovery of Greek Classics  Aristotle (384 -322 BCE)  Test for knowledge logic Earth Sciences Classification Dissection

5. The Renaissance: Birth of Science Radical Idea:  Search for answers in nature (laws)  Nature made perfect by “Man” [sic]  Legitimizes secular authority  Medical advances  Hands on experiments  Increased population

6. The Renaissance: Birth of Science Radical Idea:  Search for answers in nature (laws)  Nature made perfect by “Man” [sic]  Legitimizes secular authority  Medical advances  Hands on experiments  Increased population

7. Renaissance & Reason The Prince – Machiavelli (1513) Reason becomes understood in terms of calculation* Virtue becomes the deeds men must do.. “rich treasury & poor citizens”

8. Gallileo (1563-1643) Challenged Aristotle's essence of objects & world Trial 1633 Scholasticism Aquinas work... Scholastic philosophy was written by and for the clergy who dominated European universities

9. The Renaissance: Birth of Science Radical Idea:  Search for answers in nature (laws)  Nature made perfect by “Man” [sic]  Legitimizes secular authority  Medical advances  Hands on experiments  Increased population

10. Protestant Reformation Martin Luther (1483 – 1546) Holy Roman Empire Germany Coal mining community Late Industrialization Professor of Theology Monk Legal Scholar

11. The Protestant Reformation  1517 – The 95 Theses  Castle Church, Wittenberg  Protestant Reformation  Affirmed secular authority  Questions wealth of church vs. poor

12. English Reformation  Protestant Work Ethic:  Abstinence  Rewards in afterlife (salvation) Work hard, save, moderate consumption, belief Success indicates “Gods blessing”

13. Weber: Critique of Work Ethic Individualism w/emphasis on labor and success benefits capitalism  Ideal laborers  Middle Class  Poverty = individual flaw  state not responsible