1. Past Tenses Past Simple

2. A] Past Simple 1. Form: We add -ed to form the Past Simple of regular verbs. I worked we worked you worked you worked he/she/it worked they worked Irregular forms: be/was, fight/fought, break/broke, and many more! (see Murphy → page 293)

3. For negations and questions we use the past form of do and the infinitive: + I worked there. - I didn’t work there. ?Did he work there? ? -Didn’t they work there?

4. For the Past Simple short answers are formed as follows: Did they work here? + Yes, they did. - No, they didn’t. Did you see Tim today? + Yes, I did. - No, I didn’t. Was she at the party? + Yes, she was. - No, she wasn’t. Were they here? + Yes, they were. - No, they weren’t.

5. 2. Spelling: If the infinitive ends in a silent -e, we just add -d: love → he loved move → she moved If the infinitive ends in a consonant + y, the ending is -ied: try → she tried cry → she cried BUT: play → she played

6. If the infinitive ends in a stressed consonant + vowel + consonant (CVC) combination, we double the last consonant: stop → stopped BUT:remember → remembered

7. Ex.: Form the Past Simple forms of these verbs! to see to carry to have to keep to work to do to run to go → he saw → she carried → he had → she kept → he worked → he did → she ran → he went

8. 3. Use: The Past Simple is used for a) simple (einmalige) actions, for b) consecutive (aufeinanderfolgende) actions, c) for repetitive (sich wiederholende) actions that started and ended in the past: a) They moved in last week. b) He opened his book and began to read. c) He wrote her a letter every week.

9. Notice the time expressions that are used with the Past Simple: I did it… … last week /month / … five years / a week /... ago. … yesterday /... … in 1961.

10. Ex.: Translate! Es war kalt draussen, also habe ich mir einen Mantel angezogen. It was cold outside, so I put on a coat. Wir sind letztes Jahr nach Kanada gereist. We travelled to Canada last year. Das Spiel begann um sieben Uhr und endete um halb neun Uhr. The match began at seven o’clock and ended at nine.