1. Digital Design - Introduction Chapter 1 - Introduction

2. 2 Digital Design Introduction Figure 1.1 Converting an analog signal to digital signal and vice-versa.

3. 3 Digital Design Introduction Figure 1.2 Going digital – more and more analog products are becoming digital (Source: G. Spirakis, Intel, DATE’04 conference keynote presentation)

4. 4 Digital Design Introduction Base Ten Numbering System 523 = 5*10 2 + 2*10 1 + 3*10 0 Base Two Numbering System 101 = 1*2 2 + 0*2 1 + 1*2 0

5. 5 Digital Design Introduction Table 1.1 Counting correctly in base 10. 0 to 9As usual: “zero,” “one,” “two,” etc. 10 to 9910, 11, 12,... 19: “one ten,” “one ten one,” “one ten two,”... “one ten nine” 20, 21, 22,..., 29: “two ten,” “two ten one,” “two ten two,”... “two ten nine” 30, 40,... 90: “three ten,” “four ten,”... “nine ten” 100 to 900As usual: “one hundred,” “two hundred,”... “nine hundred” 1000 and upAs usual

6. 6 Digital Design Introduction Base 16 Numbering System

7. 7 Digital Design Introduction Figure 1.2: A microprocessor-based digital system with C code, and sample timing diagram. I0 I1 I2 I3 I4 I5 I6 I7 P0 P1 P2 P3 P4 P5 P6 P7 M i c r o p r o c e s s o r while (1) { P0 = I0 && I1; } X Y Z X Y Z time 6:007:05 9:00 1 0 1 0 1 0 7:06 9:01

8. 8 Digital Design Introduction Table 1.2: Sample digital camera task execution times (in seconds) on a microprocessor versus a digital circuit. TaskMicroprocessorCustom digital circuit Read5.1 Compress8.5 Store1.8