1. POPULATION PYRAMIDS

2. Objectives §WHAT is a population pyramid? §HOW to read a population pyramid? §Recognise SHAPES of population pyramids. §IMPORTANCE of population pyramids.

3. What is a population pyramid? §It is a diagram that gives information about the proportion of males and females in each age group. §Also shows: - proportion of young people (0 -14 ) - proportion of working people (15 – 59) - proportion of elderly people (60+)

4. What is a population pyramid? Vertical Axis - Age Groups Horizontal Axis – Percentage / number Young dependents Working population Elderly dependents

5. How to read a population pyramid? §Read the title e.g. country or city or racial group §Comment on general shape of the pyramid §Note the proportion of people in various age groups §Note the sex ratio  Interpret the data

6. Types of Population Pyramid 1. Triangular-shaped 2. Beehive-shaped Pyramid 3. Rectangular-shaped Pyramid Shape of pyramids is controlled by l births, l deaths, & l migrations.

7. Triangular-shaped Pyramid (Broad-based Pyramid)

8. Broad-based Pyramid Title: India, 2000 Shape: Broad Base - high birth rates Narrow Top - small elderly pop - high death rate Proportion: - Large proportion of young - high young dependency ratio Sex Ratio: Balance pyramid - Balance sex ratio

9. Indonesia 2000 Malaysia 2000

10. Beehive-shaped Pyramid

11. Title: Singapore, 2000 Shape: Rocket-shaped / Narrow Base – Low Birth Rates, Slow pop growth Proportion: Large proportion of working population, 15-59 yr old - large group of economically active pop Sex Ratio: Balanced pyramid

12. Hong Kong 2000 Taiwan 2000

13. Rectangular-shaped Pyramid

14. Rectangular Pyramid Title: Netherlands, 2000 Shape: Rectangular-shaped - Zero Pop Growth Narrow Base - Low Birth Rates - Life-expectancy is high e.g. 80+ - Low death rates Proportion: Bars of equal length - Balance Proportion Sex Ratio: Balance pyramid - Balance Sex Ratio

15. UK 2000 Netherlands 2000

16. 3 Types of Growth Patterns

17. Population Pyramids in Transition

18. Rapid growth

19. Rapid growth pyramids §Have a large base to show high birth rates §Amount of people decreases as the ages goes up indicating a lower standard of living §Associated with developing countries like Brazil, Uganda, China

20. Negative growth

21. Negative growth pyramids §Looks like a reverse pyramid §Indicates the population of the country is decreasing §Death rates are higher than birth rates §Associated with developed countries like Austria, Japan, Italy

22. Slow Growth

23. Slow growth pyramids §Take on a more rectangular shape §Indicates population is remaining fairly steady §Birth rates and death rates are similar §Associated with developed countries like the UK, Germany, Canada

24. Each pyramid tells a story about the past, present & future of a country & its people.

25. Importance of Population Pyramids §Policy Planning ~ future housing estates ~ future schools ~ future jobs §Comparison with other countries ~ developed (US) vs developing (India)

26. UNITED STATES PYRAMID http://www.nationmaster.com/country/us/Age_distribution