1. Egypt

2. Government Republic The first president of Egypt was Muhammad Naguib Egyptian Revolution of 1952, June 18, 1953, Egypt was declared a republic. Hosni Mubarak (1981-2011) Current Leader = Mohamed Hussein Tantawi, Head of State under Supreme Council of Armed Forces Past Present

3. Religion 2 major religious institutions State Religion = Islam -90% of Population -Adhan, prayer of 5 times a day, influences business, media, and entertainment. -Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria -Al-Azhar University (Islamic) Mosque Minarets

4. Religion (continued) Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria Coptic Orthodox Cross Coptic Festivities New Year (Sept 11) Sham El Nassim (Monday after Easter)Sham El Nassim (Monday after Easter) Christmas (Jan 7)Christmas (Jan 7) Calendar has 13 months and 3 seasons of four months.Calendar has 13 months and 3 seasons of four months. 1-Jesus 2-Christ 3-Son 4-Of God 1 2 3 4

5. Religious Persecution -2001 Kosheh Massacre -2010 Nag Hammadi Massacre -2011 Alexandria Bombing 2001 = 21 Coptic Deaths 2010 = 9 Deaths, 11 wounded 2011 = 23 Deaths, 97 Injured

6. Sports Soccer -Al Ahly, Cairo 1907 -Al Zamalek, Giza 1911 Handball - 5 time winners of the African Handball National Championship Other Popular Sports -Squash-Diving-Rowing -Tennis-Golf-Basketball

7. Cuisine Vegetative & Vegan Diet Large Fish Market Scarce Meat (Due to Islamic culture) -Bread Eish Masri or Eish Balad - Shakshouka Vegetarian dish -Kofta Ground lamb meat

8. Economy –Tourism –Agriculture –Media –Petroleum Exports

9. Festivals Instruments Oud Harp & Flute Percussion Celebrations Ramadan Sham El Nassim Birthday of Prophet Muhammad Eid al-Fitr Other Holidays Eid el-Galaa (Evacuation Day) Revolution Day Armed Forces Day National Police Day