1. Religious and Political Turmoil In England

2. James I Cousin of Elizabeth I Creates tension with parliament over power – James claimed the Divine Right of Kings Kings are given their power by God; if you challenge the king’s power, you are challenging God – Parliament disagreed They wanted a share of the power

3. Puritans English Protestants inspired by Calvinist beliefs – Many of Parliament’s members were Puritans Disagreed with James I’s religious views – He wasn’t Protestant enough

4. English Civil War King Charles I (son of James I) v. Parliament (led by Oliver Cromwell) – Cromwell was a military genius Parliament wins – Charles I is executed – Oliver Cromwell takes over Cromwell eventually became a dictator and disliked. After his death he was buried, but dug up 3 years later to be symbolically beheaded…

5. Oliver’s Head His head was passed on from one family to the next for hundreds of years until it finally was buried in 1960.

6. Glorious Revolution Years later, a Catholic king, James II, came to the throne – The Protestant-heavy Parliament did NOT like this Parliament invited James’ Protestant daughter, Mary, and her husband, William from Orange (a region of the Netherlands), to invade England and take the throne William leads a peaceful invasion and takes the throne

7. Constitutional Monarchy Parliament forces William to accept an English Bill of Rights – Gives Parliament the right to share the power with the king/queen – Gives certain rights to individuals to protect their freedoms – American Bill of Rights is modeled after the English Bill of Rights New sharing of power establishes a new form of government in England – Constitutional Monarchy

8. Quick Review 1.What did the Divine Right of Kings concept say? 2.Who were Puritans? 3.Which military genius defeated Charles I and took over England’s government? 4.Who did Parliament invite to invade England during the Glorious Revolution? 5.What kind of government was created with the establishment of the English Bill of Rights? Kings are given their power from God Calvinist-inspired Protestants in England Oliver Cromwell William and Mary of Orange Constitutional Monarchy