1. How do places affect identity and how can we see identities in places?
Identity and Place
How do places affect identity and how can we see identities in places?

2. Ethnicity and Place
Ethnic identity is greatly affected by scale and place
E.g., India and Pakistan
In South Asia there is conflict between them
In Fairfax County, VA, they identify with each other as part of a collective South Asian identity
Sometimes ethnicity is defined by conflict between two groups with no other way to describe them
Hutu vs. Tutsi

3. Ethnic Enclaves/Neighborhoods
Ethnos – Greek for people or nation
Ethnic often used to describe a neighborhood or a cuisine
What are some local examples you can think of?
Examples:
Slovenia became independent from Yugoslavia in 1991-justified it on “race”, the right to control its own domain.
Northern Ireland-no racial distinction-2 ethnic groups with religion as the ethnic glue-Protestant versus Catholic.
Belgium-a linguistic difference-Walloons versus Flemish
Apartheid of South Africa homelands based on ethnic groups
Popular American culture often erodes the ethnic neighborhood cohesiveness-e.g. Little Havana-old values such as family ties and church are eroded by the acculturation of the young-yet acculturation NOT resulting in rapid assimilation.
“Welcome to
Little Havana” 3

4. Ethnic Enclaves
Little Italy

5. Ethnic Enclaves
New York and San Francisco
Chinatown 5

6. Ethnic Enclaves
Polish in Greenpoint, Brooklyn

7. Ethnic Groups in Los Angeles
Barrioization
When the population of a neighborhood changes over largely to Hispanics
Cultural landscapes change to reflect changing populations
Sequent occupance?
Think of some local areas of barriozation 7

8. Invasion and Succession:
The Santo Domingo enclave of Washington Heights, New York (Juan Pablo Duarte Boulevard)
The Dominican flag waves from a flag post - the language of the street & signs are all in Spanish.
The Santo Domingo enclave of Washington Heights, New York
The Domincan flag waves from a flagpost-the language of the street & signs are all in Spanish.
Juan Pablo Duarte Boulevard bustles with customers.
Invasion and Succession:
New immigrants to a city often move to areas occupied by older immigrant groups. 8

9. Gender

10. What is “masculine”?
What is “feminine”?

11. Gender Gender is another identity marker
Also socially constructed: gender roles
Not to be confused with sex, which is biological
Culturally specific: characteristics vary over time and place
femininity  how many children you have

12. Gendered Spaces Places seen as appropriate for one gender or the other
Curves gym
Groups of 4
Identify gendered spaces by scale
House
School
Shopping mall
United States
Online?

13. Gender, power, and place
Women’s work tends to be undervalued and/or not counted
Not included in gross national income (GNI)
Housework
Work of rural women in LDC’s
Produce more than half the food
Build homes
Dig wells
Plant and harvest crops
Make clothes
Refer to last page of packet (World Population Highlights 2010)

14. Dowry deaths India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Iran
Disputes over the price paid by the bride’s family to the groom’s father
Small number but not declining
>8000 women in India in 2012
How is this related to what you learned about gender in your summer assignment?
Hindu saying: "Raising a daughter is like watering your neighbors' garden"

15. Child Brides Who should decide whom you marry?
Worldwide, how many girls under the age of 18 will be married this year?
14 million
5 million
850,000
Video: Too Young To Wed
Record your thoughts, impressions and questions as you watch
Video: Girl Rising – Azmera From Ethiopia