1. National Aeronautics and Space Administration Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) ELW - 1 13 Jun 11 WISE - the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer Ned Wright (UCLA)

2. National Aeronautics and Space Administration Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) ELW - 2 13 Jun 11

3. National Aeronautics and Space Administration Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) ELW - 3 13 Jun 11 Salient Features 4 imaging channels covering 3 - 25 microns wavelength 40 cm telescope operating at <17K Two stage solid hydrogen cryostat Delta launch from WTR: 14 Dec 2009 Sun-synchronous 6am 530km orbit Scan mirror provides efficient mapping Expected life: 10 months, actual 7.7-9.5 4 TDRSS tracks per day Wide Field Infrared Survey Explorer Science Sensitive all sky survey with 8X redundancy –Find the most luminous galaxies in the universe –Find the closest stars to the sun –Provide an important catalog for JWST –Provide lasting research legacy Project Overview

4. National Aeronautics and Space Administration Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) ELW - 4 13 Jun 11 Infrared Optical Near-IR Thermal-IR Reflected light different colors emitted radiation

5. National Aeronautics and Space Administration Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) ELW - 5 13 Jun 11 Space vs Ground Space hardware costs 1000x more than ground-based. A huge advantage over ground-based instruments is needed to get funded. The 1600:1 background ratio was not enough to sell NIRAS in 1988 2.7 million to one ratio was sufficient to sell Spitzer and WISE

6. National Aeronautics and Space Administration Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) ELW - 6 13 Jun 11 NIRAS in 1988 NIRAS SMEX proposal in 1988. Fazio as PI. CJL & ELW as co-I’s. “Big” Arrays: 58x62 Constant inertial rate Scan mirror to freeze images on arrays All-sky survey at 1.9 and 3.5 μm Review panel suggested ground- based survey. –NIRAS was not funded! –But this suggestion led to 2MASS Bottom Line: near-IR only in space will not be an easy sell! Mid-IR like WISE is sellable.

7. National Aeronautics and Space Administration Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) ELW - 7 13 Jun 11 Animated Scan Mirror Icon

8. National Aeronautics and Space Administration Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) ELW - 8 13 Jun 11 WISE Survey Strategy Provides Minimum of 8 Exposures Per Position Scan mirror enables efficient surveying –8.8-s exposure/11-s duty cycle 10% frame to frame overlap 90% orbit to orbit overlap Sky covered in 6 months observing 1 Orbit2 Consecutive Orbits 2 Orbits 20 Days Apart Single observing mode Minimum 8, median 14 exposures/position after losses to Moon and SAA

9. National Aeronautics and Space Administration Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) ELW - 9 13 Jun 11

10. National Aeronautics and Space Administration Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) ELW - 10 13 Jun 11 JGC 4/30/2009 Focusing WISE at SDL WISE Instrument (LHe cooled) Blue Tube (LN2 cooled) Fused silica window Fold mirror Mylar sheet (ND filter) Collimator Pinhole Blackbody

11. National Aeronautics and Space Administration Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) ELW - 11 13 Jun 11 Final assembly & test at Ball

12. National Aeronautics and Space Administration Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) ELW - 12 13 Jun 11 WISE is tiny (in the PPF)!

13. National Aeronautics and Space Administration Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) ELW - 13 13 Jun 11 WISE is tiny in the fairing

14. National Aeronautics and Space Administration Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) ELW - 14 13 Jun 11 Launch! 14 Dec 2009 @ 06:09 PST g

15. National Aeronautics and Space Administration Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) ELW - 15 13 Jun 11 On to Survey Mode 33 seconds in the life of WISE, 3 of >7000 frames/day

16. National Aeronautics and Space Administration Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) ELW - 16 13 Jun 11 Asteroids Observed by WISE Four frames of data taken on 2010 Jan. 8 during in-orbit checkout. Blue = 3.6um; green = 4.6um; red = 12um Circled asteroids are (L to R in the first frame, diameters in km): 17818 MBA D~12.4 153204 MBA D~2.8 22006 MBA D~11.5 87355 MBA D~4.3 80590 MBA D~4.1 Field of view = 34 x 25 arcmin (whole WISE FOV is 47 x 47 arcmin)

21. National Aeronautics and Space Administration Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) ELW - 21 13 Jun 11 Thus WISE has Discovered many new Aten class and potentially hazardous asteroids, has determined give radiometric diameters for more than 150,000 objects. Nearly 4 million asteroid observations, the most of any observatory in 2010 up to 13 Sep 2010.

22. National Aeronautics and Space Administration Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) ELW - 22 13 Jun 11 WISE and Brown Dwarfs Brown Dwarfs are stars with too little mass to fuse Hydrogen into Helium. WISE two short wavelength filters are tuned to methane dominated brown dwarf spectra. WISE could identify brown dwarfs as cool as 200 Kelvin (-100 Fahrenheit) out to 4 light years, the distance to the nearest known star.

23. National Aeronautics and Space Administration Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) ELW - 23 13 Jun 11 Inhabitants of WISE Color Space SDSS Classifications: Galaxies z ~ 0.4 LIRGs Local LIRGs Local ULIRGs QSOs

24. National Aeronautics and Space Administration Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) ELW - 24 13 Jun 11 First Spectroscopically Confirmed WISE Brown Dwarf WISE 0458+64 spectrum from LUCIFER on LBT. At the time, was as cool or cooler than any known BD Mainzer et al 2010 (ApJ in press). W0458+64 W2 = 13.02 W1-W2 = 3.38 J-W2 = 4.45

25. National Aeronautics and Space Administration Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) ELW - 25 13 Jun 11 But wait there’s more Burgasser et al (in press): 5 WISE BDs Kirkpatrick et al (submitted) has ≈10 2 BDs Triples the number of known T8s 10× the number of known T9s

26. National Aeronautics and Space Administration Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) ELW - 26 13 Jun 11 H-W2 vs. W1-W2

27. National Aeronautics and Space Administration Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) ELW - 27 13 Jun 11 Who’s the Coolest Dwarf of all? Is it 1405+55? J = 20.2 J-H = -1.5 W2 = 14.1 W1 > 18 J-W2=6.1

28. National Aeronautics and Space Administration Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) ELW - 28 13 Jun 11 Need HST WF3 IR Grism for spectrum Clearly see the 1.27 and 1.59 μm peaks of a CH 4 dominated dwarf

29. National Aeronautics and Space Administration Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) ELW - 29 13 Jun 11 Clear Ammonia Signature NH 3 is cutting the short end of the 1.59 μm bump and narrowing the 1.27 μm bump A Y dwarf! Cushing etal submitted

30. National Aeronautics and Space Administration Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) ELW - 30 13 Jun 11 Astrometry so far 2 WISE positions 1 Spitzer position 1 HST position Proper motion 2.14 ± 0.26 arc- sec/yr Parallax 0.11 ± 0.08 arc-sec WISE data alone give a 6σ detection of motion. To do this all-sky will require coadding and cataloguing the 2 band data.

31. National Aeronautics and Space Administration Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) ELW - 31 13 Jun 11 H-W2 vs. W1-W2

32. National Aeronautics and Space Administration Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) ELW - 32 13 Jun 11 1828+2650 The reddest source of all as seen by the HST W2 = 14.25, W1-W2>4, H-W2=8.5, J-H≈0.72±0.42

33. National Aeronautics and Space Administration Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) ELW - 33 13 Jun 11 The far-off Universe L* at z=0.33, z=6.4 QSO, z=3 ULIRG: FSC15307 x 3

34. National Aeronautics and Space Administration Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) ELW - 34 13 Jun 11 WISE Band 1 and 2 Dropouts W1 > 17.4 and W2 > 15.9 and (W3 < 10.6 or W4 < 7.7) W1814+34 (Eisenhardt et al 2011, Bridge et al 2011) z=2.452 Extended Lyman alpha emission (~40 kpc)

35. National Aeronautics and Space Administration Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) ELW - 35 13 Jun 11 SED of W1814+34 AGN with A V = 50 Starburst Spiral Galaxy Warm Spitzer data to get 3.6 & 4.5 μm since WISE did not detect it at 3.4 & 4.6 μm. SHARC II (CSO) at 350 μm VLA radio data Peak νL ν = 10 13.38 L 

36. National Aeronautics and Space Administration Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) ELW - 36 13 Jun 11 Warm Spitzer Followup Objects not detected by WISE at 3.4 & 4.6 μm can be measured using warm Spitzer –bigger mirror –longer integration times Synergy between surveys and great observatories

37. National Aeronautics and Space Administration Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) ELW - 37 13 Jun 11 Many W12 drops About 1000/sky High percentage with high z’s: see histogram Spitzer followup usually picks up 3.6 and 4.5 μm flux Herschel followup usually detects far-IR flux

38. National Aeronautics and Space Administration Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) ELW - 38 13 Jun 11 AGN Selection Stern et al poster 333.15 at the Jan 2011 AAS meeting Density 70/sq.deg 60% have published z’s in COSMOS field

39. National Aeronautics and Space Administration Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) ELW - 39 13 Jun 11 Z-distribution of WISE AGNs

40. National Aeronautics and Space Administration Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) ELW - 40 13 Jun 11 W1 on z=1.132 SPT-CL 2106-58

43. Early Release Observations Released Wednesday 16 Feb 2010

44. Early Release Observations Released Wednesday 16 Feb 2010

45. NGC 1514 Ressler et al (2010)

46. IC 410 Asteroids –1719 Jens –1992 UZ5 Satellites in high orbit

47. Tycho SNR

48. Thor’s Helmet See Schneps & Wright 1980, Sky & Telescope, 59, 195: “A bubble in space - The shell of NGC 2359”

49. National Aeronautics and Space Administration Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) ELW - 49 13 Jun 11 Balloon-borne far-IR astronomy

50. Figure 6.5 of Wright (1976 PhD thesis) overlaid on Heart & Soul

52. Zeta Oph Bow shock – Astronomy Picture of the Day for 4 Feb 2011

53. National Aeronautics and Space Administration Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) ELW - 53 13 Jun 11 Telescope Temperatures

54. National Aeronautics and Space Administration Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) ELW - 54 13 Jun 11 4 Band Coverage to 5 Aug 2010

55. National Aeronautics and Space Administration Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) ELW - 55 13 Jun 11 End of Cryo Coverage

56. National Aeronautics and Space Administration Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) ELW - 56 13 Jun 11 Final 2 band coverage Ten trillion pixels observed!

58. National Aeronautics and Space Administration Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) ELW - 58 13 Jun 11 Thus WISE has Discovered many new NEOs and potentially hazardous asteroids and gave radiometric diameters for nearly 200,000 objects. Searched for the ½ to ⅔ of the stars in the solar neighborhood that have not yet been seen, including the closest stars to the Sun. Surveyed star formation in the Milky Way and in massive Ultra-Luminous Infrared Galaxies. Or at least we have the data now: 10 trillion pixels worth. We have lots of work left analyzing this treasure trove of information.

59. National Aeronautics and Space Administration Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) ELW - 59 13 Jun 11 WISE Summary Launched 14 Dec 2009 Band centers 3.4, 4.6, 12 & 22 microns Sensitivity should be better than 0.08, 0.11, 1 & 6 mJy Saturation at 0.3, 0.5, 0.7 & 10 Jy point sources Angular Resolution 6, 6, 6 & 12 arc-seconds Position accuracy about 0.15 arc-seconds 1σ 1-axis for high SNR Completed all-sky survey 17 July, big tank ran out hydrogen 5 Aug, little tank empty on 29 Sep, two-band survey for asteroids continued until 1 Feb 2011. Data release plans: –Preliminary release of 57% of the sky on 14 April 2011 –Final release 17 months after survey ended Data products include image atlas and source catalog http://wise.astro.ucla.edu

60. National Aeronautics and Space Administration Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) ELW - 60 13 Jun 11 Preliminary Data Release Available at irsa.ipac.caltech.edu