1. The New Deal FDR Offers Relief and Recovery 13.1 Pages 396-403

2. Attempts to Fix the Depression; Programs  1. Quick Relief = Jobs 2. Long Term = Dams, Electricity 3. Reform = Bank System/ Stock Market  Won’t happen again Rhetoric Changes on Democracy; Won’t Handle Crisis  Other Countries fell to Dictatorships -BUT- New Deal Will Restore Faith FDR won 1932 Election; Background (Marriage, Relatives and Polio)

3. Role of Government; Intervention  Brain Trust  Democrats, Republicans and Women (Francis Perkins) Relied on Eleanor; Eyes and Ears  Dealing with Bonus Army and more

4. First 100 Days; Relief (immediate), Recovery (Long Term) and Reform (Prevention) Bank Holiday; Emergency Banking Bill  Closes Bank (4 days)  stops withdrawals & allows organization Fireside Chats  Reassurance If Banks Failed  Undermined any confidence in Federal Government Reform Financial System; FDIC ($5,000) and Securities & Exchange Commission (Stock Market)

5. Farmers; Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA)  Subsidies  Overproduction Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA)  Electricity & Flood Control; Dams, Industry, Jobs Rural Electrification Administration (REA)  Electricity (2 nd New Deal) African American Farmers  Didn’t share equally in benefits  Sharecroppers, Tenant Farmers

6. Jobs; Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)  forests, trails, irrigation, fought fires (2 million jobs) Environment  Shenandoah National Park, Va. / others Public Works Administration (PWA)  jobs; bridges, dams, power plants, government buildings Work Progress Administration (WPA)  same as above AND work for artists (8 million jobs) 2 nd New Deal Relief; Federal Emergency Relief Act (FERA)  Funds; state & local job agencies Civil Works Administration (CWA)  Public Work Jobs Home Owners Loan Corps (HOLC)  loans to those who couldn’t afford mortgage Federal Housing Administration (FHA)  bank loans to repair homes

7. Centerpiece for Recovery; National Recovery Act (NRA)  Codes; Govern Whole Industries; min. wage & min. price Main Idea; Increase wages  workers buy more goods  raise prices  companies make profit

8. New Deal Complaints; 1. Power 2. National Debt 3. Individual Freedoms 4. Businesses Fears; in the future  Oppression; Leads to  American Liberty League On the other hand; American Socialist Party and American Communist Party  Not enough  only rich Other oppositions; 1. Huey Long (Robin Hood)  Killed 2. Father Charles Coughlin Two Major Criticisms

9. Second New Deal 13.2 Pages 404-411

10. Second New Deal; 2 Major Issues it Addresses; 1. Social Security 2. Workers’ Rights (Wagner Act) 1. Pensions for elderly, disabled and unemployed 2. Right to organize, child labor, minimum wage Programs used today; Promotes General Welfare and Protection of Citizens’ Rights

11. Downfall of the New Deal; Expensive, Gov. Spending Money it Doesn’t Have, Deficit  $4.4Billion Main Criticisms? John Keynes; Keynesian Economics  Pump Priming Theory: Debt ok IF  puts $ in people’s pockets  buy more goods  stimulates economy

12. -Social Security Act; Pensions for elderly, unemployed, disabled, poor mom’s, on job injuries Available to everyone? -Strengthening Position of Industrial Workers  Raises Standards of Living = Improves Economy 1. Wagner Act; Unions 2. Fair Standards Act; Min. Wage ($.25), 44 Hr. Work Week, Ends Child Labor Bitter Feud Between Unions; A.F.L Does Little to Recognize  Congress of Industrial Organization (CIO)

13. New Deal Faces Challenges; Main Enemy  S.C.O.T.U.S  Shuts down many New Deal programs FDR’s Response  Court Packing Opposition; Threatened Balance of Power; “Dictatorship” Hurts New Deal; Looses Support by Many, Quits making NEW New Deal Programs

14. Other Setbacks; Miscalculations in cutbacks on spending  Peak of Unemployment (20%) Congressional Elections of 1938; Democrats lost seats in congress