1. TPH METHOD 418.1 Michaelle Exhume Environmental Testing Laboratories, Inc. Mentor: Patty Els Freeport High School

2. VOCABULARY EPA - Environmental Protection Agencies Solvent – a substance that is capable of dissolving another substance Freon – nonflammable gaseous liquid Hexane – a colorless flammable liquid used as a solvent and as a working fluid in low temperature thermometers. Silica Gel- a porous form of silica that is highly absorbent MS- Matrix Spike MSD- Matrix Spike Duplicate

3. …CONTINUED Spectrophotometer – an instrument used for measuring the intensity of light of a definite wavelength transmitted by a substance or a solution, thus providing a measure of the amount of material in the solution absorbing the light. VOA

4. Introduction What is TPH 418.1? It is defined as the measurable amount of petroleum-based hydrocarbons in an environmental media. Since it is a measured, gross quantity without identification of its elements, the TPH value still represents a mixture. Therefore, TPH itself is not a direct risk to humans and the environment Most of the samples used are collected soils and groundwater from construction sites This method is used to find the percentage of petroleum hydrocarbons This test is important because it is required by the EPA periodically every year.

5. OBJECTIVE To find the percentage of petroleum hydrocarbons in the given samples.

6. Materials VOA Sonicator Soil Samples Silica Gel Digital Weighing Scale Spatula Freon Spectrophotometer Pipette Cuvette Glass Wool Florossil

7. Procedure TPH 418.1 1.Weigh approximately 10 grams of soil sample into a VOA *Blank 10 grams of sand *MS “ *MSD“ 2.Add 3 grams of silica gel to each VOA. 3.Add 20 ml of Freon 4.Spike the MS, and MSD with.2 ml of 10,000 ppm TPH spike solution

8. …CONTINUED 5.Sonicate for 20 minutes 6.Let it cool and settle for about 15 minutes 7.Filter the sample through a glass pipette with Florossil and glass wool 8.Place the filtered sample in spectrophotometer 9.Calculate the results using the following formula: conc Ug/mL *vol ml/wt (gm) = final conc PPM

10. RESULTS COCVOLWEIGHTABSTSUg/mL 0506408-32010.48.034.895 28.89 0506408-42010.17 -.007.986 3.12 0506408-52010.09.01.944 13.80 0506408-5DUP 2010.09.009.944 13.17 0506408-62010.19.037.886 30.78 0506408-72010.32 -.005.527 4.37 0506414-12010.69.722.833461.42 0506414-22010.63.789.829503.54 0506414-32010.26.639.848409.24 0506492-12010.62 -.004.895 5.00 0506492-22010.62.012.748 15.06 0506492-32010.55.207.893 137.65

11. …continued COCVOLWEIGHTABSTSUg/mL 0507078-22010.621.036.898658.83 0507080-22010.20.556.911357.06 0507087-12010.07.136.822 93.02 0507087-22010.04.007.906636.20 BLANK2010.55 0 1 7.52 BLANK MS2010.84.208 1144.57 BLANK MSD2010.82.217 1 143.94

12. CONCLUSION This project illustrates that the TPH method 418.1 can be used to find out the percentage of hydrocarbons in a highly contaminated soil sample.

13. FUTURE WORK Since Freon and hexane are extraction solvents that evaporate quickly, new methods will be examined to try to find an easier and cheaper way to decontaminate a large portion of highly contaminated soil.

14. REFERENCES www.dictionary.reference.com/freon www.dictionary.reference.com/hexane www.dictionary.reference.com/solvent www.phaseonline.com The Great Big Book of Chemistry SOP methods TPH method 418.1 book

15. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Dr. Sat Bhattacharya Harlem Children Society Mr. Edward Irwin Patty Els Robin Knappe Suni Varghese Lisa Maurino Thank you