1. UAV SAR
L band (1.6 GHz) ~20cm
In this frequency, insensitive to grain size (Shi & Dozier)
Sensitive to density, liquid water content
Need dielectric constants

2. Capacitec Probe
16, 32, or 64kHz
Claims to accurately measure snow density and liquid water content.

3. Permittivity of ice and water (Stacheder 2005)
Capacitec probe
UAV SAR (L-Band)

4. Permittivity (real) vs density for dry snow (Matzler 1996)
Around 1GHz
So if we know density from the probe, can get permittivity

5. Effect of water content
W is water content
So if we know water content and density, can get dielectric constants

6. Permanent dataloggers at GPS stations
Use soil moisture probes to measure dielectric constants of snow and log for 2 weeks?
These are RF capacitance probes, but unclear if can get more than just moisture (need density also)