1. 1、 choroid of eyeball 一、Single Choice Questions
A. occupies posterior five-sixths of middle tunic
and is white in colour
B. outer surface is covered by pigment cell
layer of retina
C.  inner surface is close to sclera
D.  supplies the nutrition
E.  receives stimulation of light

2. 2、 ciliary body A. is posterior extension of choroid
B. located on external surface of junction of
cornea and sclera
C. is the thickest part of middle tunic
D.constriction of ciliary m. tenses ciliary
zonule
E.constriction of ciliary m. decreases
convexity of lens

3. 3、 iris
A.  is the largest part of middle tunic
B. divides chamber of the eye into anterior
and posterior chambers
C. iris and sclera meet to form angle of anterior
chamber
D. Has the function of refracting light
E.  is colourless and transparant

4. 4. The ascending tract in the spinal cord is
A. spinothalamic tract
B.  anterior corticospinal tract
C. lateral corticospinal tract
D. rubrospinal tract
E.  vestibulospinal tract

5. 5. The fasciculus gracilis
A.  extends the whole length of the spinal cord
B.  lies in the lateral part of the posterior
funiculus
C. transmits the proprioceptive sensation of the
contralateral lower limb
D. transmits the proprioceptive sensation of
bilateral lower limb
E. transmits the proprioceptive sensation of
homolateral trunk and limbs

6. 6、In adult, the lower end of spinal cord is at the level of
A. inferior border of L1
B. superior border of L1
C. inferior border of L2
D. superior border of L2
E. superior border of L3

7. 7、The position of the 10th thoracic segment of spinal cord is at the level of
A.   9th thoracic vertebra
B.   8th thoracic vertebra
C.   7th thoracic vertebra
D.  6th thoracic vertebra
E.   1st lumbar vertebra

8. 8、 Which is wrong about anterior horn of spinal cord
A.  consists of the sensory neuron
B.  consists of the motor neuron
C.  its neuron axon passes through the
anterior root of spinal nerve
D.  innervates the skeletal muscle
E.  is innervated by corticospinal tract

9. 9、 Which segment of the spinal cord conducts the skin sensation at the level of umbilicus
A. the 4th thoracic segment
B.  the 6th thoracic segment
C. the 8th thoracic segment
D. the 10th thoracic segment
E.  the 12th thoracic segment

10. 10. The tracts being related to transmitting motor information in spinal cord are
A. fasciculus gracilis
B. fasciculus cuneatus
C. corticonuclear tract
D. lateral corticospinal tract
E. anterior corticospinal tract

11. 1、 retina 二、Multiple Choice Questions
A.   is divides into outer and inner layers
B.   outer layer contains photoreceptors
C.   inner layer is pigment cell lamina
D.   optic disc is in sensitive to light
E.  visual acuity in fouea centralis of
macula lutea is highest

12. 2、 walls of tympanic cavity
A. superior wall is tegmental wall which
separates the middle cranial fossa from
tympanic cavity
B.  inferior wall is jugular wall
C. anterior wall is carotid wall at superior
part of which there is the opening of
auditory tube
D. posterior wall is mastoid wall
E .lateral wall is membranous wall

13. 3、 the tracts passing through the lateral funiculus of the spinal cord includ
A 、lateral corticospinal tract
B 、anterior corticospinal tract
C 、anterior spinocerebellar tract
D 、posterior spinocerebellar tract
E 、vestibulospinal tract

14. The brain stem

15. The brain stem
midbrain
pons
medulla oblongata
Bulbopontine sulcus

16. ventral surface of the brain stem
Medulla oblongata
Pyramid : contain pyramidal tract (corticospinal tract)
Decussation of pyramid
formed by crossing fibers of corticospinal tract
Olive : overlying inferior
olivary nucleus
hypoglossal nerve
emerge from anterolateral sulcus
Glossopharyngeal n.
vagus n.
accessory n.
emerge from
retroolivary sulcus

17. ventral surface of the brain stem
Pons
Basilar part
Basilar sulcus
Bulbopontine sulcus
from medial to lateral,
abducent, n
facial n.
vestibulocochlear n.

18. ventral surface of the brain stem
Pons
Middle cerebellar peduncle
Trigeminal nerve
Pontocerebellar trigone
the junction of medulla, pons and cerebellum

19. ventral surface of the brain stem
Midbrain
Crus cerebri
Interpeduncular fossa
oculomotor nerves
emerge from medial of crus cerebri
Posterior perforated substance

20. dorsal surface of the brain stem
Medulla oblongata
Gracile tubercle overlying gracile nucleus
Cuneate tubercle overlying cuneate nucleus
Inferior cerebellar peduncle

21. dorsal surface of the brain stem
Pons
Superior cerebellar peduncle
Superior medullary velum

22. dorsal surface of the brain stem
Midbrain
Superior colliculus
centers of visual flexes
Inferior colliculus
conduct auditory sensation
Trochlear nerve
Brachium of superior colliculus
Brachium of inferior colliculus

23. dorsal surface of the brain stem
rhomboid fossa
Boundaries
Superolateral:
superior cerebellar peduncle
Inferolateral:
gracile tubercles
cuneate tubercles
inferior cerebellar peduncle
Lateral recess

24. dorsal surface of the brain stem
rhomboid fossa
Median sulcus
Sulcus limitans
Vestibular area
overlies vestibular nuclei
Acoustic tubercle
overlying dorsal cochlear nucleus
Medial eminence
Striae medullares
Facial colliculus
overlies nucleus of abducent n. and genu of facial nerve

25. dorsal surface of the brain stem
rhomboid fossa
Hypoglossal triangle
overlying hypoglossal nucleus
Vagal triangle
overlies dorsal nucleus of vagus nerve
Area postrema ：lies between the vagal triangle and gracile tubercles
Locus ceruleus at the upper end of Sulcus limitans

26. Fourth ventricle 第四脑室 position Lie between the Pons medulla Oblongata
and cerebellum
(in front of cerebellum and
posterior to the pons and
medulla oblongata ).

27. Fourth ventricle Floor-- rhomboid fossa Roof： Anterior part
superior cerebellar peduncle
superior medullary velum

28. Fourth ventricle Roof： Posterior part inferior medullary velum
tela choroidea of fourth
Ventricle
choroid plexuses of fourth
Ventricle produce the cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)

29. Tela choroidea and choroid plexus

30. Fourth ventricle Communication (1) Median aperture of fourth ventricle
(2) lateral apertures of fourth ventricle ：a pair.
Subarachnoid space
(3) mesencephalic aqueduct （cerebral aqueduct ）
Third ventricle

31. Internal structures – gray matter
Nuclei 神经核
■ Cranial nerve nuclei
■ Non- Cranial nerve nuclei ( relay nuclei)
The arrangments of Cranial nerve nuclei :

32. Cranial nerve nuclei
The Cranial nerve nuclei may be divided into 7 kinds:
General Somatic motor nuclei
Special visceral motor nuclei
General visceral motor nuclei
Visceral afferent（sensory）nuclei
( general and special )
General somatic afferent （sensory） nuclei
Special somatic afferent （sensory） nuclei

33. Cranial nerve nuclei General Somatic motor nuclei
Nucleus of oculomotor n.
Nucleus of trochlear n.
Nucleus of abducent n.
Nucleus of hypoglossal n.

34. General Somatic motor nuclei
Nucleus
Site
Cranial n.
Function
Nucleus of
Oculomotor n.
Midbrain Ⅲ
Supreior, inferior,and medial rectus, inf. obliquus, levator palpebrae superioris
trochlear n. Ⅳ
Superior obliquus
Nucleus of abducent n.
Pons Ⅵ
Lateral rectus
Nucleus of hypoglossal n.
Medulla Ⅻ
Muscles of tongue

35. Special visceral motor nuclei
Cranial nerve nuclei
Special visceral motor nuclei
Motor nucleus of trigeminal n.
Nucleus of facial n.
Nucleus ambiguus
Accessory nucleus

36. Special visceral motor nuclei
Nucleus
Site
Cranial n.
Function
Motor nucleus of trigeminal n.
Pons Ⅴ
Masticatory muscles
Nucleus of
facial n. Ⅶ
Facial m., platysma, posterior belly of digastric, stylohyoid, stapedius 镫骨肌
ambiguus
Medulla
Ⅸ,Ⅹ.Ⅺ
Skeletal m. of pharynx, larynx and upper part of esophagus
Accessory
nucleus
Medulla-cervical cord Ⅺ
Sternocleidomastoid, trapezius

37. General visceral motor nuclei
Cranial nerve nuclei
General visceral motor nuclei
Accessory oculomotor nucleus
Superior salivatory nucleus
Inferior salivatory nucleus
Dorsal nucleus of vagus n.

38. ●General visceral motor nuclei
Nucleus
Site
Cranial n.
Function
Accessory oculomotor nucleus
Midbrain Ⅲ
Sphincter pupillae and ciliary m.
Superior salivatory nucleus
Pons Ⅶ
Submandibular, sublingual and lacrimal glands
Inferior salivatory nucleus
Medulla Ⅸ
Parotid gland
Dorsal nucleus of vagus n.
medulla Ⅹ
Many cervical, thoracic and abdominal viscera

39. Visceral afferent nuclei ( general and special )
Cranial nerve nuclei
Visceral afferent nuclei ( general and special )
Nucleus of solitary tract
Lies in the Medulla obongata
Send out the fibers to form Ⅶ,Ⅸ,Ⅹ cranial n.
Function：
Taste and visceral sensation

40. General somatic afferent nuclei
Cranial nerve nuclei
General somatic afferent nuclei
Mesencephalic nucleus of trigeminal n.
Pontine nucleus of trigeminal n.
Spinal nucleus of trigeminal n.

41. General somatic afferent nuclei
Nucleus
Site
Cranial n.
Function
Mesencephalic nucleus of trigeminal n.
Midbrain Ⅴ
Proprioception of head
Pontine nucleus of trigeminal n.
Pons
Tactile(touch) sensation of head
Spinal nucleus of trigeminal n.
Medulla
Pain and temperature sense of head

42. Special somatic afferent nuclei
Cranial nerve nuclei
Special somatic afferent nuclei
Cochlear nuclei
Ventral cochlear nucleus
Drsal cochlear nucleus
Vestibular nuclei

43. Special somatic afferent nuclei
Nucleus
Site
Cranial n.
Function
Cochlear nuclei
Pons and medulla Ⅷ
Sensation of
hearing
Vestibular nuclei
Sensation of equilibrium

44. non- Cranial nerve nuclei
■ In medulla oblongata
Gracile nucleus
Cuneate nucleus
Inferior olivary nucleus
■ In pons
Pontine nucleus

45. non- Cranial nerve nuclei
■ in midbrain
inferior colliculus
Gray matter layers of superior colliculus
Red nucleus
Substantia nigra

46. Non- Cranial nerve nuclei
Nucleus
position
Gracile nucleus
Medulla (underneath gracile tubercle)
Cuneate nucleus
Medulla (underneath cuneate tubercle)
Pontine nucleus
Pons
Nucleus of inferior colliculus
Midbrain
Inferior colliculus superior colliculus
Red nucleus
Substantia nigra

47. White matter Ascending tracts Descending tracts Medial lemniscus
Spinal lemniscus
Trigeminal lemniscus
Lateral lemniscus
Descending tracts
Pyramidal tract
Corticospinal tract
Corticonuclear tract

48. White matter — ascending tracts
Medial lemniscus
decussation of medial lemniscus

49. White matter — ascending tracts
Spinal lemniscus

50. White matter — ascending tracts
Trigeminal lemniscus

51. White matter — ascending tracts
Lateral lemniscus

52. White matter — descending tracts
Pyramidal tract
Corticospinal tract
Corticonuclear tract

53. Corticonuclear tract

54. White matter — descending tracts
Others:
rubrospinal tract
tectospinal tract
vestibulospinal tract
reticulospinal tract

55. Reticular formation of brain stem
The reticular formation is recognized as the extensive area outside the more conspicuous fiber bundles and nuclei of the brain stem, in which the grey were intermingled with whiter matter. Its major function may sum up as follows:

56. Reticular formation of brain stem
■ Ascending reticular activating system
maintenance of the conscious state
of cerebeal cortex.
■ somatomotor control
reticulospinal tract
■ Viscceromotor control---vital centres Cardiovascular center and respiratory center in medulla oblongata.

57. The transverse section of brain stem----
Medulla oblongata
Lower part (closed part)
Two decussations–
Decussations of medial lemniscus
Decussations of pyramid

58. The transverse section of brain stem----
Medulla oblongata
Upper part (open part)
inferior olivary nuculeus and inferior cerebellar peduncle
Enlargement of central canal to form the fourth ventricle floor
Tracts: pyramidal tracy
medial lemniscus
inferior cerebellar peduncle
Nuclei:
nucleus of hypoglossal n.
dorsal nucleus of vagus n.
nucleus ambiguus.
solitary nucleus,
spinal nucleus of trigeminal n.

59. The transverse section of brain stem----
pons
■ Tegmentum of pons
■ Basilar part
longitudinal fibers(pyramidal tract)
transverse fibers arised from the pontine nuclei.
Middle cerebellar peduncle
contains a number of new cranial nerve nuclei ,Such as :
nucleus of abducent n.
nucleus of facial n.
vestibular nuclei ,
spinal nucleus of trigeminal n.

60. The transverse section of brain stem----
midbrain
■ tectum of midbrain
■ Cerebral peduncle：
includes superior and inferior
colliculi
may be divided into 3 parts
● Tegmentum :
Ascending tracts:
medial lemniscus,
spinal lemniscus,
trigeminal lemniscus.
nuclei:
red nucleus, nucleus of oculomotor n. and troclear n.

61. The transverse section of brain stem----
midbrain
■ Cerebral peduncle
● Tegmentum
● Substentia nigra
● Crus cerebri :
frontopontine Tract ,
pyramidal tract,
tempo-occipito-pontine
tract

62. Lateral corticospinal tract
Anterior corticospinal tract

63. superior cerebellar peduncle
its fibres arises from the cerebellum, and passes to the opposite thalamus and the opposite red nucleus of the midbrain.