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Overview of Abnormal Psych Lesson 1. Objectives Define abnormality. Review historical approaches to abnormality. Compare how different schools explain.

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Presentation on theme: "Overview of Abnormal Psych Lesson 1. Objectives Define abnormality. Review historical approaches to abnormality. Compare how different schools explain."— Presentation transcript:

1 Overview of Abnormal Psych Lesson 1

2 Objectives Define abnormality. Review historical approaches to abnormality. Compare how different schools explain abnormal behavior. Identify how disorders are classified and problems with system. Discuss how society views mental illness.

3 What is normal? normal “Normal” “Abnormal” ◦ Standard ◦ Socially acceptable behavior w/in a culture ◦ Deviation from normality ◦ Distressful ◦ Dysfunctional

4 ReviewReview: History of Abnormal Behaviors Review Earliest Explanation? ◦ Evil Spirits – Trephining Ancient World ◦ Greeks – (Humors) Natural not supernatural forces Middle Ages ◦ Demonic possession Renaissance ◦ Scientific approach – mind can be sick American Reform ◦ Benjamin Rush & Dorothea Dix – humane treatment, asylums Scientific Advances ◦ Biological Basis, Imaging & Genetics, Psychopharmacology

5 TPS: Perspectives of Disorders Illness is the result of…. Can be treated by… Psychoanalytic Behavioral Cognitive Neurobiology Biopsychosocial

6 Perspectives of Disorders Illness is the result of….Can be treated by… Psychoanalytic Unconscious conflicts over aggressive & sexual impulses. Psychotherapy (“talking cure”) Behavioral Cognitive Neurobiology Biopsychosocial

7 Perspectives of Disorders Illness is the result of….Can be treated by… Psychoanalytic Unconscious conflicts over aggressive & sexual impulses. Psychotherapy (“talking cure”) Behavioral Reinforcement of inappropriate or extinction of appropriate behaviors. Behavior Therapy: Apply principles of learning to change/modify behavior Cognitive Neurobiology Biopsychosocial

8 Perspectives of Disorders Illness is the result of….Can be treated by… Psychoanalytic Behavioral Reinforcement of inappropriate or extinction of appropriate behaviors. Behavior Therapy: Apply principles of learning to change/modify behavior Cognitive Irrational or maladaptive thought processes Cognitive Therapy: Change thought processes Neurobiology Biopsychosocial

9 Perspectives of Disorders Illness is the result of….Can be treated by… Psychoanalytic Behavioral Cognitive Irrational or maladaptive thought processes Cognitive Therapy: Change thought processes Neurobiology Genetic abnormalities in brain structure & biochemistry. Medication Biopsychosocial Biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors. Medication, Behavioral, Cognitive Therapies

10 Perspectives of Disorders Illness is the result of….Can be treated by… Psychoanalytic Behavioral Cognitive Neurobiology Genetic abnormalities in brain structure & biochemistry. Medication Biopsychosocial Biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors. Medication, Behavioral, Cognitive Therapies

11 Conceptual Models Medical Model: Diagnose, treat, and cure mental illness. ◦ Diagnosis – distinguish among disorders ◦ Etiology – cause/origin of disorder ◦ Prognosis – course & outcome of disorder

12 Diagnosing Mental Illness Objective & Projective Tests Diagnostic & Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ◦ Classification system ◦ Psychologists & Psychiatrists

13 DSM DSM-I (1952): ~60 mental disorders DSM-II (1968): Used Freudian terms psychoses (severe) & neuroses (mild) DSM-III (1980): Disorders caused by underlying psychological diseases. Intro 5 axes DSM-IV (1994): ~300 disorders, eliminated others (ex homosexuality) ◦ DSM-IV-TR (2000) DSM5 (2013): ~ 300 disorders, eliminated multiaxial system, added some (hoarding) eliminated others

14 Major DSM 5 Disorders Anxiety Mood Somatic Symptom Schizophrenia Spectrum Dissociative Personality Impulse Control & Conduct Feeding & Eating Substance-Related Sleep-Wake Disorders Sexual & Gender Identity Disorders Neurodevelopmental Disorders Neurocognitive Disorders

15 Criticisms of DSM Over diagnosis Huge spectrum Labels harmful Lacks reliability Controversial disorders NIMH rejected new version – won’t fund research

16 Mental Illness vs. Insanity Sane and Insane are legal terms Insanity – inability of defendant to distinguish right from wrong at time of crime TPS - Should the insanity plea be allowed or not?

17 Why Study Abnormal Psych? Prevalence Stigma / Misconceptions http://www.youtube.c om/watch?v=WUaXF lANojQ http://www.youtube.c om/watch?v=WUaXF lANojQ

18 Organizations & Goals APA NIMH Educate public Confront discrimination Challenge negative stereotypes Emphasize treatment works Achieve parity w/physical diseases

19 Closure What steps can high school students take to lessen the stigma often associated with psychological disorders?

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