1. CPUMEMHDNIC Bare Metal OS: windows, Linux, … App: Typically 1 server External Switch Resources to support Applications Bare Metal OS: VMkernel/Hypervisor CPUMEMHD Accesses Hardware resources to support virtual machines. 320 VM’s maximum. ESX/ESXi is the name of the software product you install to give you the VMkernel Hypervisor. Functionally, no major difference in operation. ESX = “Elastic Sky”: 2 OS’s (Red Hat: Service Console), Hypervisor. ESXi: only 1 OS – Hypervisor OS-4OS-3OS-2OS-1 APP4APP3APP2APP1 VSwitch VCPU VMEM VHD VNIC1 VCPU VMEM VHD VNIC2 VCPU VMEM VHD VNIC3 VCPU VMEM VHD VNIC4 NIC

2. VM4 VSwitch NIC2 Host Chassis: ESX/ESXi VM3VM2VM1 NIC1NIC3 PG1 PG2 Port Groups – Do not block broadcasts since By default they are all in the same VLAN. If You define different VLAN per PG then different BC domains. Used for filters…. Uplink Port – connects VSwitch to physical NIC cards. Supports 802.1Q Physical NICs support “Bonding”, or NIC teaming Via 802.3AD (LACP) VNIC1 VNIC2 VNIC3VNIC4

3. NFS/iSCSI 10.10.10.3 VMotion 10.11.11.1 Mgmt 10.10.10.1 VMnic1 VM1VM2 VM Kernel 0VM Kernel 1VM Kernel 2 VNIC Port Group 1 VMkernal Port: Place to put an IP stack. Acts as a source IP address for the Hypervisor To initiate/respond to connections. Used for management issues and more. -Mgmt ESXi -VMotion -NFS/iSCSI -Fault Tolerance Vmswitch 0 VMnic2VMnic3

4. End of Lab 3 topology VCenter Server PODx-DC 10.0.1.11 winxp1 winxp2 10.0.1.12 VSwitch 0 (x2) Servers – VLAN 11 Control – VLAN 111 Management – VLAN ‘default’ Packet – VLAN 112 Port Groups VMkernel’s Storage Kernel (x2) 10.0.1.57 – ESXi1 10.0.1.58 – ESXi2 VMotion Kernel (x2) 10.0.1.51 – ESXi1 10.0.1.52 – ESXi2

5. Command comparison – start 2 nd day Physical Switch: Interface gig 1/1/1 Switchport mode access Switchport access vlan 11 ! Interface gig 1/1/20 Switchport mode trunk Switchoprt trunk allowed vlan 1,111,112 VSM: Port-profile type Vethernet Vmachine Switchport mode access Switchport access vlan 11 Vmware port-group ! Port-profile type Ethernet uplinks Switchport mode trunk Swithcport trunk allowed vlan 1,11,111,112 System vlan 111-112 Vmware port-group Note: Vmachine and uplinks define the port group not an interface. Logically this can be multiple logical interfaces not a signle port.

6. QOS Overview (summary) Class Map >> Policy Map >> Service Policy AF = Assured Forwarding – basically a guideline for marking traffic EF = Expedited Forwarding – only 40 or 46 TOS (Type of Service) – field is 8 bits in IP header DSCP – Differentiated Services Code Pointer DSCP only uses 6 of the 8 bits within TOS field First 3 bits = Class Selector Next 2 bits = Drop Probability Last 1 bit = Reserved Example: AF 12 First value is Class Selector Second value is Drop Probability Class Selector 0 0 1 – Worst Class 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 – Best Class Drop Probability 0 1 - Low 1 0 - Medium 1 1 - High 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 XXCCCDDR AF11 - Low AF12 - Med AF13 - High AF21 - Low AF22 - Med AF23 - High AF31 - Low AF32 - Med AF33 - High AF41 - Low AF42 - Med AF43 - High AF Bits EF (voice) Service Bits WorstBest 0 0 0 1 1 0