1. + Active Transport And Proteins Involved Moves molecules from a LOW concentration to a HIGH concentration

2. + Active Transport Requires Energy Transport of molecules or ions against its concentration gradient Molecules moving from low to high concentration energy source used is ATP

3. + Carrier Pumps Same function as a carrier protein, except it moves ions against its concentration gradient Low to high concentration = requires energy Example: Na + /K + pump 3 Na + ions are pumped outside the cell: higher [Na + ] 2 K + ions are pumped inside the cell: higher [K + ] http://highered.mheducation.com/sites/0072495855/st udent_view0/chapter2/animation__how_the_sodium_p otassium_pump_works.html

5. + Importance of Na + /K + Pump Disease that can result Mutation or non functional protein can lead to dystonia parkinsonism Involuntary, sustained muscle contractions Tremors, slow & painful movement, shuffle walk with consistent falling.

6. + Importance of Na + /K + Pump Neurons use the Na + /K + Pump to communicate and send signals to each other. Example: Stick hand in flame of a candle. Neurons in finger cannot communicate pain to brain. Result: 3 rd degree burns on hand

7. + Endocytosis Defined: movement of a substance INTO the cell by a vesicle Vesicle: small sac that contains materials Made of phospholipids

9. + Exocytosis Defined: movement of a molecule OUT of the cell by a vesicle