1. CHAPTER 7: PRINTING By: Miguel Sandria

2. INTRODUCTION AND PAGE SETUP  The spreadsheets may contain a great amount of information, therefore, we must remember that printers limit the print of the worksheet to standardized paper generally letter size (8.5”x11”) or legal size (8.5”x14”), to obtain the best presentation of printed data.  Page setup: Is an option available through the File menu. It opens a dialogue window that sets the design of the spreadsheet to be printed, with sections to control the page, margins, headings and footnotes and sheet.

3. PAGE SETUP OPTIONS:  Orientation: You may select vertical or horizontal orientation.  Scale: It decreases or increases the aspect of the printed data. The 100% scale specification is the normal feature.  Paper size: Displayable list box with the paper measurements accepted by the installed printer  Print quality: Displayable list box with the resolution capacities of the installed printer.  First page number: Automatic option that assigns the number one to the first page.

4. PRINT PREVIEW TTTThe print preview option available through the File menu or the corresponding button in the standard tool bar facilitates the verification of the print on screen before consuming paper. It also facilitates graphic settings and the access to the tools related with the page setup.

5. PRINTING  Once the page has been set up and all the necessary adjustments have been set, the Print option in the File menu helps you obtain a permanent copy of the document in paper.

6. CHAPTER 8: SPREADSHEET GRAPHICS By: Miguel Sandria

7. GENERAL CONCEPTS AAAA graphic is the visual representation of data. DDDData and graphics are linked in the spreadsheet. EEEElements of a graphic: –G–G–G–Graphic area: This is the area containing the graphic. –X–X–X–X and Y axis: Axes are displayed according to the type of graphic –X–X–X–X and Y titles: These are labels describing the concept or unit of the axis. –L–L–L–Legend: This box describes the indicators or colors that identify the data series or categories –G–G–G–Graphic title: This is the descriptive title of the graphic. It appears at the central top part by default.

8. TYPES OF GRAPHS  Column graph: Applies to almost any type of data that requires being compared one beside the other, showing the variation of individual values in a determined time period.  Line graph: This graphic is applied to show the behavior in linear from of a great amount of values in one or several series.  Circular graph: Their function is to demonstrate the proportional relation between the individual parts in a series with the sum of all the elements, underlining the most significant one. This is commonly known as pie graph.  Other types of graphs: XY (dispersion), area, rings, radial, surface, bubbles, and other graphics are available in the spreadsheet. Every graph type has subtypes from where you can choose the most adequate to show your data. Also there are 3D graphs to achieve a greater visual impact.

9. PROCEDURE TO CREATE A GRAPH IN EXCEL The general procedure for the elaboration of graphics in Excel is the following: 1. Choose the range that contains the data to be graphed. 2- Activate the graph assistant following the sequence: Insert, Graph..... Or click once in the graph assistant button in the standard tool bar. 3. In the first Assistant dialogue window, choose the graph type and Subtype. 4. Still in the Assistant, the second dialogue window contains a sample of how ranges affect the options you select. A text box indicating the range and through option buttons to establish the Series in rows or columns. - This window will show the Back button activated, if you want to make modifications.

10. PROCEDURE TO CREATE A GRAPH IN EXCEL 5. In the third dialogue window you will introduce or chose certain graph components such as: Titles: To write the titles of the graph and the axis. Axis: Activate/Deactivate the axis display. Division lines: Activate/Deactivate the division lines display. Legend: Show/Hide and locate the legend box. Data labels: Select the label to be displayed. Data table: Show/Hide the data table for the graph. 6. Finally, The fourth dialogue window lets you set the location of the graph. In a new sheet: accept the name designated to the sheet or type a new one. As object in: accept the sheet by default or choose another with the Finish button, the assistant is ended. 7. Once the graph is created, you can easily modify the format by displacing the pointer over the element and double-clicking.

11. EXAMPLE OF A BAR GRAPH MADE WITH MICROSOFT EXCEL 2000: