1. SUSTAINING TALK Chapter 8

2. Types of Speaking Aesthetic Talk Used to respond to literature Used to deepen comprehension of literature Efferent Talk Used to inform and persuade Goal of talk is to promote higher- level thinking

3. Conversations Small-Group Conversations Grand Conversations Step by Step – p. 247 Instructional Conversations Step by Step – p. 250

4. Possible Roles for Grand Conversations Word Finder Checker Character Interpreter Illustrator Recorder Reporter

5. Conversations Storytelling (handout) Readers Theater Step by Step - p. 295 Retelling stories – p. 298 Step by Step – p. 301 Guidelines for retelling – p. 301

6. Talk as a Learning Tool Asking Questions Levels of Questioning: Critical Questions Critical questions go beyond the text and focus on global issues, ideas, and problems.

7. To answer critical questions, students: Think creatively Make personal connections, world connections, and literary connections Evaluate the text Express opinions

8. Talk as a Learning Tool Asking Questions Levels of Questioning: Inferential Questions Inferential questions require analysis and interpretation. The answers to inferential questions are implicitly stated in the text. To answer inferential questions, students use a combination of background knowledge and clues in the text.

9. Talk as a Learning Tool Asking Questions Levels of Questioning: Literal Questions Literal questions are factual. The answers to literal questions are stated explicitly in the text. Students can answer literal questions with “yes” or “no” or with a few words taken directly from the text.

10. Talk as a Learning Tool KWL Charts Step by Step – p. 258 Minilessons Oral Reports Step by Step – p. 259

11. Talk as a Learning Tool Interviews Hot Seat – Step by Step - p. 261 Debates Step by Step – p. 262 Show and Tell

12. Drama Improvisation Role-playing Process Drama Step by Step – p. 264 Puppets Theatrical Productions Scriptwriting Producing video scripts