1. Kingdom Plantae

2.  AUTOTROPHIC  MULTICELLULAR  EUKARYOTIC  MOST TERRESTRIAL  CELL WALLS OF CELLULOSE  Dominant group on land based on weight  DIVERSE!! Range from 2mm to 100m tall!! Plant Characteristics

3. Are there exceptions?

4. Diversity?

6. hornworts Seedless:

7. Nonvascular plants hornwort

8. Seedless plants

9. Seed plants  Gymnosperms  Angiosperms

11. What obstacles did plants have to over come to live on land?  DRYING OUT - CUTICLE & STOMATA  MEANS OF REPRODUCTION  MEANS OF GETTING WATER AND NUTRIENTS

12.  PRIMITIVE: AMONG THE 1st LAND PLANTS  NONVASCULAR  NO TRUE ROOT SYSTEM: HABITAT ?  NO VASCULAR TISSUE: SIZE ?  SIZE LIMITED BECAUSE SPERM MUST SWIM TO FERTILIZE EGGS

13.  Plants are about 3cm tall and 1 cell thick  Clump of moss is a bunch of tiny individual plants  Each plant contains rhizoids for anchoring them in soil.

14.  IMPORTANT SOIL BUILDERS  PREVENT EROSION  PEAT MOSS (SPHAGNUM) GROWS IN BOGS OR PONDS & USED FOR FUEL, MULCH, ETC.

15. Chloroplast

16. What role do plants play in the Water cycle?

17. What role do plants play in the Carbon Cycle?

18.  Nitrogen  Proteins, N.A., chlorophyll, ATP and growth  Carbon  Growth, photosynthesis  Potassium  Active transport, enzyme activation, osmotic balance and stomata opening  Phosphorus  ATP, ADP, N.A., phospholipids of cell membrane  Magnesium  Part of chlorophyll, needed for photosynthesis and activation of enzymes  Calcium  Cell wall, enzymes, cell membrane activity  Sulfur  Proteins, cellular respiration

19. What role do plants play in the Nitrogen Cycle?

20.  Nitrification  Bacteria in soil take up ammonia and oxidize it into nitrites and nitrates and plants use it to create amino acids  Denitrification  Process of how nitrogen is returned to the atmosphere when bacteria break down nitrates and release nitrogen gas  Ammonification  Decomposers break down waste organisms and release the N they contain as ammonia

21. Discuss Ways that plants move.  Phototropism  Plant responses to light  Gravitropism  Plant responses to gravity  Photoperiodism  the physiological reaction of organisms to the length of day or night  Thigmotropism  Plant responses to touch

23. MALE & FEMALE ON SEPARATE PLANTS  MALE REPRODUCTIVE ORGAN= ANTHERIDIUM PRODUCES SPERM  FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE ORGAN = ARCHEGONIA PRODUCES EGG

27. Photosynthesis