1. Introduction to the Industrial Revolution

2. Introduction to Industrial Revolution Video

3. Main Question/Objectives  What events sparked the Industrial Revolution?  By the end of the lesson, the student will be able to:  Explain the events leading up to the Industrial Revolution  Investigate the long term effects which innovations had on the revolution  Detail the works of an inventor and the benefits of the invention

4. Importance  The Industrial Revolution was “the age, above all, in history, of matchless opportunities for penniless men with powerful brains and imaginations”  -Paul Johnson

5. Life Begins to Change  Prior to the revolution, people lived and worked in small farming villages.  In 1750, most people made a living working the land using handmade tools.  Made their own clothing and grew their own food.  Exchanged goods at a local market  Few people left their home or had knowledge of the world beyond their village.  The Industrial Revolution changed these elements of life drastically.

6. Beginning of Interconnections  With the progression of the Industrial Revolution, the rural way of life began to disappear.  By the 1850’s, many country villages had grown into industrial towns and cities.  People were able to buy clothing and food that someone else produced.  People began to move rapidly between countries and continents by train or steamship.

7. Innovations in Revolution Spinning Jenny-1764 Invented by James Hargreaves Allowed one person to spin many threads at once, further increasing the amount of finished cotton that a worker could produce. By turning a single wheel, one could now spin eight threads at once, a number that was later increased to eighty. Steam Engine-1769 Invented by James Wyatt In the cycle, water is heated and transforms into steam within a boiler operating at a high pressure. When expanded through pistons or turbines, mechanical work is done. The reduced-pressure steam is then condensed and pumped back into the boiler. Steam Powered Train-1814 Stephenson used the steam engine to create a steam powered train, which would eventually allow increased communication and trade between places before deemed too far.

8. Farming Methods Improve  Educated farmers began to share ideas and experiments through journals.  Began mixing soils and crop rotation  Jethro Tull’s seed drill-distributing seeds in rows as opposed to wastefully scattering them

9. Enclosure Causes Migration  Enclosure: the act of taking over and consolidating land previously owned by peasant farmers  Allowed more land for sheep farming and larger fields  British Parliament facilitated this with legislation  Many farm laborers were thrown out of work and small farmers were forced off their land  Villages began to shrink  People moved to towns and cities for work

10. Population Increases  Agricultural improvements contributed to rapid growth in population.  When people have surplus, they are allowed to focus energy on more than merely surviving.  Reduced risk of famine with more food  Better hygiene and sanitation slowed death from disease  Reasons for the population explosion 1. Increase in agriculture production 2. Better hygiene and medical care 3. Women eating healthier during pregnancy  British population:  5 million in 1700 to 9 million in 1800  European population:  120 million in 1700 to 180 million in 1800

11. New Technology’s Role  Energy Revolution  The steam engine opened up the door to operating machinery and also powering locomotives.  Quality of Iron Improves  Abraham Darby began experimenting with metals  He began to produce less expensive parts for the steam engines  High quality iron could be used more widely, especially in building railroads.

12. Sales Presentation  Today, you will be presenting your invention to the sales board to support your innovation’s contribution to the world.  You can choose any of the following:  Steamboat, Steam Powered Train, Spinning Jenny, Medical Anesthetic, Telegraph & Morse Code  Your trifold should include  Brief bio of the inventor  Description of the invention  Benefits of the invention  An illustration of the invention or someone using it 3-5 Sentences