1. Grammar Lesson 49
Vocab
Philos – Greek word meaning loving, creates prefixes phil- and philo-
Philatelist – one who enjoys collecting, arranging, and studying postage stamps
Philanthropist – one who loves mankind
Philologist – one who loves literature and other written records

2. Pronouns and Antecedents
Pronouns take the place of a noun or noun phrase
Pronouns help us avoid using the same noun repeatedly
He, she, it, we, they, etc. are words we use to refer to people, places, and things we’ve already mentioned
The noun or noun phrase a pronoun replaces is the antecedent

3. Grammar Lesson 50
Vocab
Antagonist – person or thing fighting against the hero of a story
Protagonist – the hero of the story
Melodrama – exaggerated drama intended to evoke strong feeling, e.g. soap operas
Foreshadowing – hinting of what is going to happen in the story

4. The Comma, Part 3: Greetings and closings of letters require commas
When we alphabetize by last name, we place a comma after the last name
Commas equal a pause
Introductory elements begin a sentence and require a comma after.
However, we don’t always use introductory elements.
Interrupting elements interrupt the sentence and need to be offset with commas
I, on the other hand, never interrupt my own sentences.
Afterthoughts are also offset by commas
He is very talented, isn’t he?

5. Grammar Lesson 51
Vocab
Gonia – Greek noun meaning angle, gives suffix –gon
Pentagon – closed plane figure with five sides and five angles
Hexagon – six sides and six angles
Octagon – eight sides and eight angles
Polygons – closed plane figures with three or more sides

6. Personal Pronouns
Five categories of pronouns: personal, relative, indefinite, interrogative, and demonstrative
Personal pronouns refer to people and things
Three forms of personal pronouns: person, number, and case
Person – first, second, or third person
Number – personal pronouns are singular – I, me, you, he, etc. or plural – we, us you, them
Case – shows the pronouns job in the sentence

7. Grammar 52
Vocab
Caricature – description or drawing that ridiculously exaggerates the characteristics or striking features of a person or thing
Allegory – story in which characters and events represent an underlying truth about life
Cliché – trite expression used so often that it isn’t an effective way to say something
Denouement refers to resolution of the story or plot

8. Irregular Verbs, Part 2 See chart in book p. 301
Irregular verbs don’t form past tense by adding a d or ed
There are no rules for forming the past tense and past participles
We recognize most, but must memorize the ones we don’t know already
Be careful not to confuse the past tense and the past participle

9. Grammar 53
Vocab
Anthropos – Greek noun meaning man, human being, serves as prefix anthropo- in English
Anthropomorphous – having or resembling human form
Anthropogenesis – study of the human race and its beginnings
Anthropometry – size and measurements of a human being

10. Nominative Pronoun Case
Pronouns have three cases: nominative, objective, and possessive
Pronouns are in the nominative case when they are used as a subject or predicate nominative
Complete the chart on p