1. PLAGIARISM A review of what NOT to do

2. DEFINITION From the Oxford Dictionary From the Oxford Dictionary http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/us/definition/american_english/ plagiarism http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/us/definition/american_english/ plagiarism NOUN: The practice of taking someone else’s work or ideas and passing them off as one’s own. NOUN: The practice of taking someone else’s work or ideas and passing them off as one’s own.

3. FROM PLAGIARISM.ORG HTTP://WWW.PLAGIARISM.ORG/PLAGIARISM-101/TYPES-OF-PLAGIARISM/ (EMPHASIS MINE) HTTP://WWW.PLAGIARISM.ORG/PLAGIARISM-101/TYPES-OF-PLAGIARISM/ Each of the 10 most common types of plagiarism are defined below. The types are ranked in order of severity of intent. # 1. CLONE -- Submitting another’s work, word-for-word, as one’s own #2. CTRL-C -- Contains significant portions of text from a single source without alterations #3. FIND – REPLACE -- Changing key words and phrases but retaining the essential content of the source #4. REMIX -- Paraphrases from multiple sources, made to fit together #5. RECYCLE -- Borrows generously from the writer’s previous work without citation #6. HYBRID -- Combines perfectly cited sources with copied passages without citation #7. MASHUP -- Mixes copied material from multiple sources #8. 404 ERROR -- Includes citations to non-existent or inaccurate information about sources #9. AGGREGATOR -- Includes proper citation to sources but the paper contains almost no original work #10. RE-TWEET -- Includes proper citation, but relies too closely on the text’s original wording and/or structure 1 http://www.marcprensky.com/writing/prensky%20- %20digital%20natives,%20digital%20immigrants%20- %20part1.pdf

4. TYPES OF PLAGIARISM FROM HTTP://WWW.BOWDOIN.EDU/STUDENTAFFAIRS/ACADEMIC- HONESTY/COMMON-TYPES.SHTML There are different types of plagiarism and all are serious violations of academic honesty. We have defined the most common types below and have provided links to examples. Direct Plagiarism Direct Plagiarism Direct plagiarism is the word-for-word transcription of a section of someone else’s work, without attribution and without quotation marks. The deliberate plagiarism of someone else's work is unethical, academically dishonest, and grounds for disciplinary actions, including expulsion. Direct plagiarism is the word-for-word transcription of a section of someone else’s work, without attribution and without quotation marks. The deliberate plagiarism of someone else's work is unethical, academically dishonest, and grounds for disciplinary actions, including expulsion.

5. SELF-PLAGIARISM FROM HTTP://WWW.BOWDOIN.EDU/STUDENTAFFAIRS/ACADEMIC- HONESTY/COMMON-TYPES.SHTML Self-plagiarism occurs when a student submits his or her own previous work, or mixes parts of previous works, without permission from all professors involved. Self-plagiarism occurs when a student submits his or her own previous work, or mixes parts of previous works, without permission from all professors involved. For example, it would be unacceptable to incorporate part of a term paper you wrote in high school into a paper assigned in a college course. Self-plagiarism also applies to submitting the same piece of work for assignments in different classes without previous permission from both professors and appropriate citations. For example, it would be unacceptable to incorporate part of a term paper you wrote in high school into a paper assigned in a college course. Self-plagiarism also applies to submitting the same piece of work for assignments in different classes without previous permission from both professors and appropriate citations.

6. ACCIDENTAL PLAGIARISM Accidental plagiarism occurs when a person neglects to cite their sources, or misquotes their sources, or unintentionally paraphrases a source by using similar words, groups of words, and/or sentence structure without attribution. Accidental plagiarism occurs when a person neglects to cite their sources, or misquotes their sources, or unintentionally paraphrases a source by using similar words, groups of words, and/or sentence structure without attribution. Students must learn how to cite their sources and to take careful and accurate notes when doing research. Students must learn how to cite their sources and to take careful and accurate notes when doing research. Lack of intent does not absolve the student of responsibility for plagiarism. Cases of accidental plagiarism are taken as seriously as any other plagiarism and are subject to the same range of consequences as other types of plagiarism Lack of intent does not absolve the student of responsibility for plagiarism. Cases of accidental plagiarism are taken as seriously as any other plagiarism and are subject to the same range of consequences as other types of plagiarism

7. MOSAIC PLAGIARISM FROM HTTP://WWW.BOWDOIN.EDU/STUDENTAFFAIRS/ACADEMIC- HONESTY/COMMON-TYPES.SHTML Mosaic Plagiarism occurs when a student borrows phrases from a source without using quotation marks, or finds synonyms for the author’s language while keeping to the same general structure and meaning of the original. Sometimes called “patch writing,” this kind of paraphrasing, whether intentional or not, is academically dishonest and punishable – even if you footnote your source! Mosaic Plagiarism occurs when a student borrows phrases from a source without using quotation marks, or finds synonyms for the author’s language while keeping to the same general structure and meaning of the original. Sometimes called “patch writing,” this kind of paraphrasing, whether intentional or not, is academically dishonest and punishable – even if you footnote your source!

8. CONSEQUENCES Bowdoin University: Students who plagiarize or otherwise engage in academic dishonesty face serious consequences. Sanctions may include, but are not limited to, failure on an assignment, grade reduction or course failure, suspension, and possibly dismissal. Faculty members should consult with the Judicial Board Advisor in the Office of the Dean of Student Affairs to determine if a formal complaint should be filed. The Advisor will guide the faculty member through the process of bringing a formal complaint as well as guide the student through the process of a Judicial Board hearing. http://www.bowdoin.edu/studentaffairs/academic-honesty/consequences-of- plagiarism.shtml

9. WHY NOT PLAGIARIZE? With practice paraphrasing and citations become easy to incorporate into papers. With practice paraphrasing and citations become easy to incorporate into papers. If someone else was using your ideas, you would want credit, too. If someone else was using your ideas, you would want credit, too. When you are in your career, you will want to earn all the credit you can get in order to get promoted and more money. When you are in your career, you will want to earn all the credit you can get in order to get promoted and more money. According to the government sponsored financial aid website ( According to the government sponsored financial aid website (https://fafsa.ed.gov) –https://fafsa.ed.gov People make $1, 000, 000 MORE during their lifetime with a college degree.

10. AVOID TEMPTATION Start your project early. Start your project early. Ask for help or clarification. Ask for help or clarification. Cite, cite, cite Cite, cite, cite Be open to the writing process. Be open to the writing process.