1. 1783 1775 1776 1777 1778 1779 1780 1781 1782 Essential Question Why is Thomas Jefferson such an important figure? Why You Should Care Jefferson was not only the author of the Declaration of Independence but the leading voice for limiting the power of the government after the founding of the nation.

2. Thomas Jefferson

3. The Declaration of Independence Jefferson wrote the 1 st draft of the Declaration. His focus on freedom over governments would stick with him. 1776

4. Washington’s Cabinet He was Washington’s Secretary of State. He found he loved France. He argued with Hamilton constantly. 1790 – 1793

5. 1800 Election of 1800 Adams’s Federalists vs. Jefferson and Burr’s Republicans First time negative campaigning took place. Federalists said Jefferson was un-Christian. Republicans said Hamilton was power-hungry. Jefferson and Burr receive the same number of electoral votes, so the election was decided in the House of Representatives (Federalist-run)

6. 1800 Election of 1800 Most Federalists preferred Burr. Hamilton felt Jefferson was the lesser of two evils. After numerous tie votes (35!) Hamilton persuades one Federalist not to vote for Burr. Adams was sad, Burr was furious, Hamilton was embarrassed and Jefferson was president.

7. Part 2: The Jefferson Presidency

8. Louisiana Purchase Jefferson wanted to buy New Orleans from France to make sure the port was always open. France offered to sell their entire territory (which was as big as the United States itself!) The President didn’t seem to have the Constitutional authority to do that. Jefferson did it anyway. 1803 What can I say? I can’t resist a good deal! Buy 1 city, get a GIANT TERRITORY free!!!!!!!!! (Florida’s not included)

9. Spain United States

11. Educated Guess Use your brain to make your best guess on the following question.

12. Jefferson had one of the largest libraries in the US at the time. He had many books on the West. Those books had some interesting “facts” posted in them. Write the numbers of the following that you think were “facts” printed in his books. 1.There were woolly mammoths roaming the West. 2.There was a tribe of blue-eyed Indians living in the West who spoke a form of English. 3.There was a river or series of connected rivers, starting at the Mississippi, that crossed the western mountains and reached the Pacific Ocean. 4.The Rocky Mountains weren’t really that big. 5.The West had many erupting volcanoes. 6.Unicorns could be found in the West. 7.There were mountains in the West made of salt. 8.Some beavers in the West were seven feet tall. 9.Buffaloes were friendly and had slim waists. 10.Llamas roamed the West.

13. Lewis and Clark Jefferson sent a group of explorers west to figure out exactly what he had bought. Their main goal was to find a water route to the Pacific Ocean. (Why? Who cares?) They catalogued new plants and animals, met with natives, and greatly improved maps. Their expedition opened the west for further settlement. 1803 – 1805

14. 1804

15. 1803 – 1805

16. 1818

17. The Embargo Britain and France were still fighting and being jerks. The Embargo Act banned trade with all foreign nations. Ended up hurting US merchants way more than any foreign traders. 1807 Fine, then we don’t want to play with you any more, neiner, neiner, neiner.

18. Embargo

20. In the end… 30 years, two governing documents and 3 Presidents later the United States is… …on the verge of war with Britain again. Jefferson decided not to run for a third term. His friend, James Madison was elected in 1808. Could he keep the new nation out of war? 1808