1. Defending dignity. Fighting poverty. Managing Risk in Shelter Programming

2. Defending dignity. Fighting poverty. Types of Risk

3. Defending dignity. Fighting poverty. Types of Risk TypeDescriptionExample Acceptable RiskThe level of loss from a hazard that a society or community considers acceptable given existing social, economic, political, cultural, technical and environmental conditions Annual flooding of 1m:  Less than 1month duration acceptable level of impact.  Greater than 1 month duration level of impact on income generation not acceptable. Design RiskThe probability and consequences that a design does not mitigate against risk as intended. A building located in a region of high seismic hazard is at lower risk if it is built to sound seismic engineering principles. Construction RiskThe probability and consequences that construction process leads to a building that does not mitigate against hazards as intended. Use of materials that do not meet specification and leading to collapse of structure under loading. Project or Program Risk The probability and consequences (costs) of social, political, climatic events or logistical, staffing or procurement processes that could interrupt, accelerate, slow down or stop programming. High skilled labour demand post disasters raising daily payment rates causing increase in budget and timeline. Reputational / Ethical Risk The impact on personal or organizational reputation of a failure to manage any of the identified risks to an acceptable level. Inadequate design causes houses built in programme to collapse in hazard resulting in the loss of life. Programme failed to meet ethical responsibility to protect the vulnerable in turn damaging reputation.

4. Defending dignity. Fighting poverty. Managing Risk 1. Education 2. Strengthening partnerships 3. Assigning responsibilities

5. Defending dignity. Fighting poverty. Strengthening Partnerships CARE ARUP and UCL: Expert panel considering engineering support to the intractable problems in construction. “What can be done to open up shelter options to include damaged (rental) dwellings, vernacular construction, improvised or transitional shelter and other unconventional buildings when design criteria are not immediately obvious?”

6. Defending dignity. Fighting poverty. Education: ECB Shelter Training Module

7. Defending dignity. Fighting poverty. Education: ECB Shelter Training Module WANTED: Agencies to pilot test the ECB Shelter Training Module

8. Defending dignity. Fighting poverty. Assigning Responsibilities Commercial contractual context The Employer The Contractor The Contract Administrator Designers Humanitarian context The Donor The Beneficiary The Lead NGO The Implementing Partner Designers

9. Defending dignity. Fighting poverty. Assigning Responsibilities

10. Defending dignity. Fighting poverty. Assigning Responsibilities TypeActorRole & ResponsibilityMitigation method Evaluating Acceptable Risk BeneficiaryParticipate in identification of hazards and perceived impacts to create social, economic, political, cultural, technical and environmental parameters for acceptable risk. Risk analysis Lead NGOEmploys competent person/organisation to identify level of acceptable risk. (In some societies these have been formalised by government, civil society and the private sector) Ensuring that beneficiaries are involved in the identification of acceptable risk. Ensure all actors carry out responsibilities to meet the parameters identified. Procurement Process Accountability framework M&E plan

11. Defending dignity. Fighting poverty. Assigning Responsibilities TypeActorRole & ResponsibilityMitigation method Design RiskLead NGOEnsure selection of a suitably competent, insured and qualified Designer to carry out this activity. Provide pre-construction information to designers and contractors Where this responsibility for selection is passed on to an Implementing Partner, Lead NGO maintains responsibility for verification. Procurement process & Contract DesignerA professionally competent designer is contractually (legally and financially) responsible (takes liability for a design) for ensuring that their design identifies and mitigates against identified hazards to the level of acceptable risk. Ensures that design follows building codes. Building codes are drafted (parliament/civil servants) and enforced (judiciary/local authorities) by government, describe the official methodology for demonstrating that a building is designed for an acceptable risk. Has suitable and adequate professionally insurance to cover design liability, transferring Lead NGO financial risk. Communicated clearly any residual risks of the design. Contract PI insurance Risk register

12. Defending dignity. Fighting poverty. Any questions? Managing Risk

13. Defending dignity. Fighting poverty. Don’t just let them eat cake!