1. The 6 Step Scientific Method A Review & Extension Mr. Gibson Science Room 213

2. Unit 2 – The Six Step Scientific Method What is the Six (6) Step Scientific (or Experimental) Method? Gif animation source: http://www.ubuntuforums.orghttp://www.ubuntuforums.org

3. Unit 2 – The Six Step Scientific Method The Six (6) Step Scientific Method - terms TERM(S)Working Definitions of the terms. Systematic approachUsing similar ways/common procedures Scientific “Method”A “step-wise” systematic approach supported by repeatable experimental data that can be verified or falsified by peer group scientists. ObservationNoticing an event or pattern of events [and then] the gathering of information -- Existing Knowledge -- Qualitative Data -- Quantitative Data

4. Let’s start with an observation… Mr. Gibson

5. No… not that observation… a natural observation; one that can be experimented with. Gif image source url – http://www.wordinfo.infohttp://www.wordinfo.info

6. Unit 2: The Six Step Scientific Method A Flow Diagram is provided to the right. This should have been part of your middle school experience but, that was soooooo long ago… Observed events

7. Unit 2: The Six Step Scientific Method So; we will be using a “Twin-burning” candle demo- experiment in class to study the six steps of this Method first hand. Observed events What’s he talking about? I’ve got no clue…

8. Unit 2: The Six Step Scientific Method After making an observation the scientist goes to the 1 st Step: Anyone know what the first step is ? Observation I’m drawing a blank. You know? I’ve got no clue… ?

9. Unit 2: The Six Step Scientific Method The 1 st Step is creating a Purpose –or- Question. for your scientific study. Observed events Oh yeah! That’s right. I’ve got no clue… PURPOSE -or- QUESTION

10. Unit 2: The Six Step Scientific Method PURPOSE -OR- QUESTION What do we really mean for this step…? How about me? How long do I have to stand here holding this candle? Geeze-loueeze! All these questions! Do you know? I’ve got no clue… PURPOSE -or- QUESTION

11. Unit 2: The Six Step Scientific Method PURPOSE -OR- QUESTION [Hint: It goes back to the original observation.]. How about me? How long do I have to stand here holding this candle? Nope, still a blank but,; dude! You need a new script!!! I’ve got no clue… PURPOSE -or- QUESTION

12. Unit 2: The Six Step Scientific Method PURPOSE -OR- QUESTION What did the scientist(s) observe that they now want to learn about. How about me? How long do I have to stand here holding this candle? Of course! I knew that! Yeah, right… PURPOSE -or- QUESTION

13. Unit 2: The Six Step Scientific Method Now that we’ve observed something and asked our question or stated a purpose; Step 2 is???? Observed events I must be getting old… I don’t remember ANY of this! You know? I’ve got no clue… PURPOSE -or- QUESTION ?

14. Unit 2: The Six Step Scientific Method [Hint: copy one person’s is “plagiarism”, copy many is “research”…] (sigh) (Sigh) My mind’s broken… and if you say that again I’m going to get it tattooed on your forehead! I’ve got no clue… PURPOSE -or- QUESTION ?

15. Unit 2: The Six Step Scientific Method RESEARCH Search as many sources as you can, getting the most information before experimenting! PURPOSE -or- QUESTION Observed events Why does he ask and then give the answer so fast? IDK… RESEARCH

16. Unit 2: The Six Step Scientific Method The third step is? PURPOSE -or- QUESTION Observed events ? This’ too much! Think I’ll get him to give me an “RR” pass. I’m going with! RESEARCH

17. Unit 2: The Six Step Scientific Method HYPOTHESIS PURPOSE -or- QUESTION Observed events HYPOTHESIS RESEARCH Someone take good notes for us… brb.

18. Unit 2: The Six Step Scientific Method HYPOTHESIS This is an “educated guess” PURPOSE -or- QUESTION Observed events HYPOTHESIS RESEARCH

19. Unit 2: The Six Step Scientific Method HYPOTHESIS In this step you are trying to “predict” your answer to your Purpose –or- Question in step one. PURPOSE -or- QUESTION Observed events HYPOTHESIS RESEARCH

20. Unit 2: The Six Step Scientific Method HYPOTHESIS AND!!!! In Mr. Gibson’s class your hypothesis MUST come in an “IF…. THEN…” format. PURPOSE -or- QUESTION Observed events HYPOTHESIS RESEARCH

21. Unit 2: The Six Step Scientific Method HYPOTHESIS For example… “IF we use a green colored grow light in our greenhouse to take advantage of the chlorophyll “c” pigment THEN will lettuce grow faster? PURPOSE -or- QUESTION Instead of doing this… think I’ll ask for an “RR” pass too. HYPOTHESIS RESEARCH

22. Unit 2: The Six Step Scientific Method HYPOTHESIS So; this step is an educated guess that comes in the format of an “IF… THEN…” question that “predicts” the answer or outcome. PURPOSE -or- QUESTION OBSERVATION HYPOTHESIS RESEARCH ‘ scuse me… didn’t realize I dropped my antennae. I need ‘em to find the “rr”.

23. Unit 2: The Six Step Scientific Method This now brings us to Step Four… PURPOSE -or- QUESTION OBSERVATION HYPOTHESIS ? RESEARCH

24. Unit 2: The Six Step Scientific Method STEP Four With our observation, research and hypothesis question done… How do we move forward in trying to find our predicted answer? PURPOSE -or- QUESTION OBSERVATION HYPOTHESIS ? RESEARCH

25. Unit 2: The Six Step Scientific Method STEP Four Yes! The FUN part of science… EXPERIMENT PURPOSE -or- QUESTION OBSERVATION HYPOTHESIS EXPERIMENT RESEARCH

26. Unit 2: The Six Step Scientific Method EXPERIMENT The designing and testing of your HYPOTHESIS question –or- “IF… part; to see if the “then” part; of your PREDICTION will be correct. PURPOSE -or- QUESTION OBSERVATION I’m back… in case you missed me. HYPOTHESIS EXPERIMENT RESEARCH

27. Unit 2: The Six Step Scientific Method EXPERIMENT Remember!!! Your experimental design must have a “variable”, a “non-variable”, and a “control” in order to avoid “scientific confirmational bias”. PURPOSE -or- QUESTION OBSERVATION … didn’t think so… did I miss anything? HYPOTHESIS EXPERIMENT RESEARCH

28. Unit 2: The Six Step Scientific Method Now that we are this far along and you DID have this in your middle school experience… what would Step Five be? PURPOSE -or- QUESTION I’m a higher order life form… I don’t need antennae to find the “rr”. Much faster. HYPOTHESIS EXPERIMENT ? We’re back. Hey candle holding dude how’d you beat us back? Are both my antennas on? Mom says I’d forget my head if it wasn’t fastened on. RESEARCH

29. Unit 2: The Six Step Scientific Method If you recalled that the Fifth Step is… ANALYSIS … you would be correct!!! PURPOSE -or- QUESTION … geeze those two go on & on… Makes Mr. G. a “piker” compared to ‘em. HYPOTHESIS EXPERIMENT ? No antennae, huh? How do you get through the day? Would make a great experiment. Uh, what is a head??? What did mama mean? RESEARCH

30. OBSERVATIONS Unit 2: The Six Step Scientific Method ANALYSIS It’s your data which you can put into tables, charts, graphs… [ACT] “data representation”!!! PURPOSE -or- QUESTION HYPOTHESIS EXPERIMENT ANALYSIS Hey! Who took notes for us while we were gone? Uh… IDK RESEARCH

31. Hmm… that’s an honest question. Would that go into step one or three? Unit 2: The Six Step Scientific Method ANALYSIS In your analysis you will also include a statement of falsifiability which means… PURPOSE -or- QUESTION HYPOTHESIS EXPERIMENT ANALYSIS (sigh) How are we supposed to learn anything if someone doesn’t take notes for us while we mess around in the “rr”? No clue… RESEARCH

32. … geeze! The way those two talk in class all the time they must think they are special and the only ones here! Unit 2: The Six Step Scientific Method ANALYSIS “IF (some other testable condition or facts) were to be true… THEN my hypothesis would be false.” PURPOSE -or- QUESTION HYPOTHESIS EXPERIMENT ANALYSIS Goof! My question was rhetorical. That means the question is really the answer. Okay but, that seems silly to me. RESEARCH

33. When do we get up outta here? Unit 2: The Six Step Scientific Method And finally… Step Six is? PURPOSE -or- QUESTION HYPOTHESIS EXPERIMENT ANALYSIS ? Hurray! A light at the end of the tunnel? Uhhh… what tunnel are you talking about? RESEARCH

34. Now there’s an idea for those two… flames. And low & behold I’ve got two! Unit 2: The Six Step Scientific Method Step Six is Conclusion PURPOSE -or- QUESTION HYPOTHESIS EXPERIMENT ANALYSIS Conclusion I could flame you for a week if I answered you. Sorry, but I don’t get you OR him… RESEARCH

35. Hmmm, at least I now know why I’ve been holding this all this time. Unit 2: The Six Step Scientific Method Step Six is Conclusion This is basically your “answer” to your hypothesis question or prediction. PURPOSE -or- QUESTION HYPOTHESIS EXPERIMENT ANALYSIS Conclusion Arrrgh! RESEARCH Oh! Was that another of those rhetorical question thingys?

36. DratS! I should have thought of this in slide four. Unit 2: The Six Step Scientific Method Step Six is Conclusion Even if your hypothesis was wrong, you’ve learned something. PURPOSE -or- QUESTION HYPOTHESIS EXPERIMENT ANALYSIS Conclusion Wait a minute, we’re bugs. Let’s go under the door now! RESEARCH I’m with you. I don’t trust a guy with one eye bigger than the other holding a burning candle.

37. OBSERVATIONS Unit 2: The Six Step Scientific Method Step Six is Conclusion If you were wrong, you can “re- hypothesize” and conduct new experiments that have been adjusted for what you’ve learned. PURPOSE -or- QUESTION HYPOTHESIS EXPERIMENT ANALYSIS Conclusion RESEARCH Hey! You lost your antennas again Leave them! It’s a fair trade!

38. OBSERVATIONS Unit 2: The Six Step Scientific Method There are three terms you’ll need to know for the Six Step Method: Independent variable; Dependent variable; Control PURPOSE -or- QUESTION HYPOTHESIS EXPERIMENT ANALYSIS Conclusion RESEARCH

39. OBSERVATIONS Unit 2: The Six Step Scientific Method There are three terms you’ll need to know for the Six Step Method: Independent variable; The part of the experiment that the experimenter does or controls directly. PURPOSE -or- QUESTION HYPOTHESIS EXPERIMENT ANALYSIS Conclusion RESEARCH

40. OBSERVATIONS Unit 2: The Six Step Scientific Method There are three terms you’ll need to know for the Six Step Method: Dependent variable; The part of the experiment that changes (varies) because of what the experimenter does. PURPOSE -or- QUESTION HYPOTHESIS EXPERIMENT ANALYSIS Conclusion RESEARCH

41. OBSERVATIONS Unit 2: The Six Step Scientific Method There are three terms you’ll need to know for the Six Step Method: Control The control should be the part of the experiment where you make a copy of the independent variable and set it aside in the same area subject to the surrounding environment outside the experiment. PURPOSE -or- QUESTION HYPOTHESIS EXPERIMENT ANALYSIS Conclusion RESEARCH