1. Communication in micro-planning Challenges faced by Pakistan  6 years of centre-based approach–different micro-panning challenges  Year 2000 house-to-house posed new challenges for micro-planning  Pakistan 140 million population  Target of children under 5 not known at village, ward level  Large geographical area

2. Communication in micro-planning Challenges faced by Pakistan …(cont.)  Ranging from highest mountains to deserts to valleys and thousands of miles of beaches  Unmarked borders in many areas  Borders going through villages  Cross border un-checked travel  Large number of nomads travelling in and out of country  Several mega cities with population ranging from 7 – 12 million  High rise buildings with no/ poorly working lifts

3. Communication in micro-planning Challenges faced by Pakistan …(cont.) ¨ Large areas of slums in urban areas ¨ Unplanned cities ¨ Sparse/ scattered population in some parts of the country ¨ Other challenges for communication in micro-planning: ¨ Not enough time for micro-planning & communication of plans (less than two months)

4. Communication in micro-planning Challenges faced by Pakistan …(cont.)  Little existing knowledge & experience of micro-planning at grass root level  No training in preparing micro-plans  No training / experience of using assigned area maps - polio team leaders  Maps prepared by some one else (vaccinators/ supervisors)

5. Communication in micro-planning Challenges faced by Pakistan …(cont.)  Polio teams receiving monetary compensation for three days of campaign – some coming on board on 1 st. day of campaign  Number of teams limited due to monetary implications  Targets of children to be reached as per micro-plans creating a tendency to focus on numbers instead of ALL children

6. Communication / training responses for addressing micro-planning issues Fall Campaign 2000  UAN facility at 54 locations – for reporting if teams do not reach an area  Publicity for UAN number through TV/ Radio/ newspapers & print material  Special guidelines prepared & disseminated for UAN monitoring teams

7. Communication / training responses for addressing micro-planning issues Fall Campaign 2000 …. (cont.)  Mosque announcement flyers for informing parents about campaign & teams arrival in the area  Special cloth signs for identification of fixed sites where parents could take children if missed by a team  75,000 special jackets for team leaders – for easy identification

8. Communication / training responses for addressing micro-planning issues Fall Campaign 2000 …. (cont.)  Alliance building meetings with NGOs, for using UAN facility so teams reach each area & support to polio teams  Special live transmission on PTV, Radio Pakistan and FM 100 – (key messages – keep children at home for teams/ inform on UAN if teams don’t come & go to fixed site if children missed)  Special plans for border areas & check posts

9. Communication / training responses for addressing micro-planning issues Fall Campaign 2000 …. (cont.)  Training plan & special material for 75,000 team leaders & several thousand supervisors  Special emphasis in training on covering entire assigned area – every child - especially slums, nomads in area & children in brick kilns  Motivation for making efforts to reach every child – as a moral / national duty

10. Communication / training responses for addressing micro-planning issues Fall Campaign 2000 …. (cont.)  Telecast of training video on national TV for several days for reaching missed teams members, communities & families

11. Monitoring reports of fall campaign 2000 identified following situation …  Awareness high amongst parents – but in many areas the teams did not reach  Fixed sites were too far, un-known and un-identified so many parents did not know where to take their missed children for immunization

12. Monitoring reports of fall campaign 2000 identified following situation … (cont.)  3 day transmissions found very useful for informing parents  UAN worked well (except some minor problems)  Most team leaders were not trained  Area maps were not available to many teams  Jackets received but many didn’t wear it

13. Monitoring reports of fall campaign 2000 identified following situation … (cont.)  Fixed sites cloth signs received but not displayed  In many areas posters not displayed/ material not distributed  Majority mosques neither approached nor announcement made

14. Analysis reveals possible causes …  Lack of training created confusion about  team responsibility in terms of area to be covered  communication processes & motivation messages for parents  role of fixed sites for covering missed children  use of tallying sheet for recording missed children

15. Analysis reveals possible causes … (cont.)  Pre-campaign communication activities couldn’t take place as team leaders were only active on campaign days (3 paid working days) Inadequate understanding of responsibility for supervision & accountability in terms of training, communication and coverage

16. Revised strategy for spring campaign 2001  Orientation of 45,000 LHWs on Programme Implementation and Communication  Orientation of 390,000 boy scouts on mosque mobilization and communication  Printing of training booklet, posters, mosque flyers, partners brochure

17. Revised strategy for spring campaign 2001 …. (cont.)  3 day live TV, Radio and FM 100 transmission  Briefing meetings for NGOs  Regular media campaign, district social mobilization funds made available and UAN facility at 54 locations

18. Communication in Micro-planning Recommendations  Adequate planning time for revisiting/ fine tuning & communicating micro-plans before each campaign  Inclusion of social mobilization & communication processes/ dissemination in micro-plans

19. Communication in Micro-planning Recommendations …. (cont.)  Training/ re-training to all levels on micro-planning, preparations of maps & interpretation  Participation of all team leaders in micro-planning & preparation of maps  No untrained person to be allowed on polio teams/centers

20. Communication in Micro-planning Recommendations …. (cont.)  Accountability/Recognition for micro- planning  Micro-plans to include coverage of special populations like Nomads, Refugees, Beggars etc.  Put an end to the “numbers game”  Development & implementation of effective monitoring plan to ensure adherence to micro-plans

21. Communication in Micro-planning Recommendations …. (cont.) Don’t expect communication & social mobilization to overcome shortfalls in effective micro-planning/ supervision/ monitoring