1. THE CATHOLIC RESPONSE TO THE PROTESTANT REFORMATION The Counter-Reformation

2. Objectives Today we will be able to identify how the Catholic Church responded to the Protestant Reformation.

3. Catholic Response to Protestant Reformation The Catholic response to the Reformation was two – fold  A defensive response to the rise of Protestantism  An aggressive attempt at reforming the Church within the limits of Catholic theology.

4. Retreat to Dogmatism The papacy retreated to doctrinal orthodoxy and aggressive repression  Pre-publication censorship (a list of forbidden books)  Instituted the Ghetto to address the “errors” in all forms.  Ordered Jews living in the Papal states to reside in specific neighborhoods.  The papacy stated in a “Bull” that Jews were responsible for killing Christ.  https://www.youtube.com/ watch?v=Wupt9lAEh8c https://www.youtube.com/ watch?v=Wupt9lAEh8c

5. The Jesuits Ignatius of Loyola (1491-1556)  Read an account of Jesus’ life and vowed to help rekindle Catholic orthodoxy  He travelled throughout Spain and Italy attracting followers  Organized the Society of Jesus which was approved by the Pope in 1540  Jesuits became the standard bearers of the Catholic Reformation, creating a model for Church organization, orthodoxy and discipline and educated the clergy.

6. Council of Trent An 18 year (1545) meeting to assess the composition of the Catholic Church and to define its doctrines. Many doubled down on its doctrine and rejected any reforms presented.  Made a split wit protestants irreparable Successes were a more organized church (better records) and better educated clergy.