1. From Imagery to Map: Digital Photogrammetric Technologies 15 th International Scientific and Technical Conference From Imagery to Map: Digital Photogrammetric Technologies Photogrammetry and Parallel Computing — Software and Hardware. Andrey Sechin Scientific Director, Racurs Yucatan. Mexico. October 2015

2. New high productivity sensors Satellite imagery: Higher productivity, large blocks Aerial survey: high overlap, big color depth (>8 bits per channel), special oblique cameras Pleiades: up to 2000000 sq. km per day VisionMap A3 Edge up to 5000 sq. km per hour (GSD 20 sm)

3. Computer technologies 64-bit computing Multicore CPU, multithreading Clusters CUDA, MIC,…

4. Available Hardware 100-200 CPU cores, Fast Network (10 Gb/s) < 100000$

5. Orthophoto mosaic algorithm 1.Input the images (Compute pyramid levels and stored in tiles); 2.Orthotransform every image; 3.Compute seamlines; 4.Calculate image statistic for brightness adjustment; 5.Build mosaic divided into sheets (separate files);

6. Input images What is a tile? Pleiades image (4 tiles)

7. Orthotransform every image (tile)

8. Compute seamlines

9. Calculate image statistic for brightness adjustment

10. Build mosaic divided into sheets

11. Some Simple Math Nonparallel part of mosaic algorithm is about 1% T 1 – Single core CPU time α – nonparallel algorithm part T P – Multicore CPU time

12. Example 1 RESURS-P 100 CPU cores 21147 sq. km images area 37234 sq. km mosaic area Total time – 50 min Single core time > 2 days

13. Example 2 UltraCam Eagle 100 CPU cores 510 images/28 sq. km with 3-5 cm GSD Total time – 101 min Single core time > 4 days

14. Bottlenecks (Storage, Network, RAM) 1.Storage system (random access) ZFS/SAMBA + HDD 20-30 MB/s, time 120 min OCFS2/iSCSI + 5HDD +RAID100 MB/s, time 30 min OCFS2/iSCSI + single SSD300 MB/s, time 9 min OCFS2/iSCSI + SSD striped600 MB/s (estimated) 2. Network throughput 1 Gbit/s 2 Gbit/s 10 Gbit/s 3. RAM speed DDR -> DDR2 -> DDR3 -> DDR4 ->….. Storage system - mosaic algorithm need sequential access (300 MB/s), some processing stages need random access

15. Thank you for attention