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The Colonists’ Victory and Its Impact
65 198 – Date Chapter 10 Section 3 The Colonists’ Victory and Its Impact
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Chapter 10 Section 3 The Colonists’ Victory and its Impact
65 198 – Date Chapter 10 Section 3 The Colonists’ Victory and its Impact Objectives Analyze the Battle of Yorktown and explain the long process of achieving peace after the battle. Discuss why the Americans won the war, including geographical advantages and superior leadership. Examine how French support and American resolve helped win the war. Analyze how the war affected Americans.
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The Battle at Yorktown 65 198 – Date
Why might the British dig ditches and build sandbanks? To protect their camp from an inland attack. Why did Cornwallis set up camp on a port in Chesapeake Bay? Cornwallis counted on British ships to prevent an attack by sea. Could receive supplies by sea. How did Cornwallis’s position help defeat him? October 19, 1781 The French and American surrounded Cornwallis. Closed the land route off the Yorktown Peninsula, trapping Cornwallis by land. A fleet of 20 French warships blocked the entrance to Chesapeake Bay. (Cornwallis could not leave by sea) French and Americans combined efforts defeated Cornwallis at Yorktown. Cornwallis surrenders.
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Victory at Yorktown Franklin played a key role in gaining French aid in the war. Comte de Rochambeau arrives with a large French army. French fleet commanded by Comte de Grasse sailed in from the West Indies to challenge the British navy. Washington saw a way to trap Cornwallis
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Cornwallis surrenders
Formal ceremony British troops file between two lines- the French and the Americans. British play “The World Turned Upside Down.” Americans hum Yankee Doodle as the British march away.
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How did Washington win the Battle of Yorktown?
Washington used the aid of the French army and navy to surround and outnumber Cornwallis, forcing him to surrender his army.
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After the Battle of Yorktown
Fighting continued after the Battle of Yorktown. Nathanael Greene routes British from Georgia and South Carolina Civil War in North Carolina Imposters terrorize NC killing and burning Loyalists continue support the British crown No troops=fighting cannot be stopped Summer 1782 British give up posts at Charles Town and Savannah Last of British leave NY November 1783
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Treaty of Paris 1781 form a committee from the Continental Congress to start peace talks with the British. Delegates at Congress John Adams, Ben Franklin, John Jay, Thomas Jefferson, and Henry Laurens. Delegates in France John Adams, Ben Franklin, John Jay Terms favorable to Americans British acknowledges American independence Land borders “are set” from the Atlantic to asst of the Mississippi River and from the Great Lakes to northern part of Florida.
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Treaty of Paris cont’d Loyalists
would not be punished have same rights as other citizens get back property they had prior to the Rev War Britain and Americans agreed to pay back any money owed. British agreed to end the fighting and leave the U.S. Become the United Colonies and later the United States
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Against the Odds British Well trained Well equipped
Americans Americans won by courage and persistence Disadvantages lacked training and experience shortage of supplies Advantages strategies economics political psychological British Well trained Well equipped Professional soldiers
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Americans’ home-field advantage
American fighting for their homes and lands Familiar with climate, land, and bodies of water Local support guides/boats
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British disadvantages
Unfamiliar with the land Could not move inland as they would be away from supplies brought via ship British depart to resupply = American took over again British had to wait for supplies and orders Expensive After extended period of war, British lost public support
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American tactics and leadership
Learned to fight during the French and Indian War and wars with the Native Americans. Hide behind trees British used skilled and discipline and used to order Americans had better leaders Cornwallis was overconfident Washington learned from his mistakes Inspired his men and a nation
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Help from abroad Key military victories and help from the French
1781 French fleet arrived Money Supplies Spain and Netherlands aid also
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Americans’ will to win British and allies had no stake
Some German soldiers deserted and moved to Moravian communities and other communities near Salem. Colonists fighting for their homes Dreams of liberty and liberty of their children Fighting for future generations
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Impact of the Revolution
American failure to take Canada resulted in limited expansion to the north. Victories in Ohio River Valley and West guaranteed expansion west of the Appalachians Very expensive = 27 million Human life Question “religious freedom” and slavery Vermont outlawed slavery Pennsylvania freed slaves Need for a new government where people ruled themselves.
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