1. Unit 2 Chapters 2 & 3
Coach Howell

2. Major Tribes: Natchez, Choctaw, & Chickasaw

3. Natchez Indians
Cavalier & LaSalle -4,000 -Great Sun (top of social structure) -villages along loess bluffs of the MS River -mounds (Emerald Mound) -enemies of the French (Ft. Rosalie) -town of Natchez is named after this tribe

4. Natchez Indians Emerald Mound
Loess Bluffs in Natchez overlooking the MS River

5. Choctaw Indians 20,000 in 1700 Peaceful & agrarian
Located in central & southern MS
Usually allied with the French
1st encountered by DeSoto
Had the most land of all Indians in MS
County in MS is named after the Choctaw people

6. Choctaw Indians

7. Chickasaw Indians Located in North Mississippi 4,500
Hunters & warriors
Allies of the English
Forced to move to OK in 1800’s
County in MS is named after them

8. Chickasaw Indians

9. Minor Tribes: Biloxi, Pascagoula, Tunica, & Yazoo

10. Biloxi Indians -located on the Gulf Coast -<500
-city of Biloxi was named after them
-eventually settled in Oklahoma

11. Pascagoula Indians -allies of the French -located on the Gulf Coast
-”bread people”
-allies of the French
-located on the Gulf Coast

12. Tunica Indians 1,500 in 1698 Allies of the French
South bank of the Yazoo River
Active slave traders
Later re-located to Louisiana

13. Yazoo Indians On the Yazoo River, just north of Vicksburg Anti-French
Virtually destroyed by the Choctaw
Died out by the 1800’s

14. European Explorers & Occupation
Spain, France, & England

15. Spanish Explorers Landed in 1539 (Tampa, FL- DeSoto)
Reached the MS River in 1541
DeSoto died in 1542, buried on the banks of the MS River

16. French Explorers Lasalle/ Cavalier: Iberville: Bienville:
Reached the mouth of the MS in (LaSalle)
Went on to Ship Island in 1699, later went to shore looking for the river
Bienville became governor in Mobile
“Casquette girls”
Claimed the area for France & named it Louisiana
Established Ft. Maurepas (Biloxi Bay)
Established Natchez in 1716, New Orleans 1718

17. Ship Island & Biloxi Bay
Casquette Girls

18. Natchez District Part of the Louisiana Province
Well-populated (710, 280 were slaves)
Major center of trade on the MS River
Black Codes (1724)
-prohibited separation of spouses
-children under 14 couldn’t be separated from parents
-freed slaves became French citizens

19. English Occupation

20. English Territory
Gained the territory through the Treaty of Paris 1763 from the French (32 degree parallel- Vicksburg)
The territory was called British West Florida
Population grew quickly
Main crop became cotton
Treaty of Paris 1783-gave the new U.S. former British territory in, except for Natchez (Spain claimed it)

21. Spanish Occupation

22. Spanish Territory
Population increased in Natchez due to land grants offered by the Spanish
Cotton continued to grow as an important crop
Population increase, and the increased importance of cotton brought large numbers of slaves to the area
In 1798 the Spanish left Natchez for New Orleans
Natchez is now a part of the United States