1. PREVIEW Draw your interpretation of what a Greek soldier would have looked like. Keep in mind, we are not grading your artistic ability, but you do need to do your best. Include a thought bubble detailing what your soldier might be thinking as he marches into battle.

3. TROJAN WAR

4. Epic conflict between the Greek and the Trojans (presumably over Helen of Troy) Recorded in the Iliad as a mixture of history and mythology Allegedly the Greeks win using an ingenious ploy known as the Trojan Horse

6. GREEK HOPLITE HELMIT BREASTPLATE GREVES SHIELD

7. CREATION OF THE PHALANX As the middle class emerged, more soldiers were able to participate fully armored. Greek hoplites marched in tight formations in which they interlocked their shields for protection.

8. PERSIAN WARS 500 – 479 BC

9. Athens aided Greek cities who revolted against the Persians… thus they wanted revenge.

10. MAJOR BATTLES OF THE PERSIAN WARS Marathon Thermopylae Salamis Plataea G G G P

11. BATTLE OF MARATHON 490 B.C. Phidippides Athenians defeat a huge Persian army.

12. BATTLE OF THERMOPYLAE King Xerxes led huge army into Greece in 480 B.C. Persians annihilate a group of 300 Spartans

13. King Leonidas & his 300 300 Spartans are able to hold off the entire Persian army for 3 days. Ultimately, a Greek traitor will enable the Persian Immortals to bypass the pass at Thermopylae and kill all of the Spartans. The heroism demonstrated by the Spartans provided enough time for the other Greek poleis to settle their differences and prepare for war.

14. BATTLE OF SALAMIS Athenian Navy Wins 480 B.C. Greeks used ships known as biremes. ◦Could use wind to sail long distances ◦Mainly relied on oarsmen to propel the ships during battle ◦Armed with a large battering ram to punch holes in enemy ships in hopes of sinking them.

15. BATTLE OF PLATAEA 479 B.C. FINAL BATTLE OF THE PERSIAN WARS Large Greek force routs the remaining Persian army ◦Herodotus called it the largest Spartan army ever assembled  10,000 Spartan hoplites  35,000 helots ◦20 other poleis sent troops as well including Athens and Corinth

16. AFTERMATH OF THE WAR DELIAN LEAGUE PELOPONNESIAN LEAGUE Alliance of cities who were critical towards Athens and/or democracy Led by Sparta Democratic cities led by Athens Formed for mutual protection Athens used the money to finance its navy and much of its public works projects

17. THE PELOPONNESIAN WAR 431 – 404 B.C.

18. PELOPONNESIAN WAR Sparta invaded Attica in 431 B.C. to burn the local food supply – forced all the people of Attica to cram inside the city walls A plague hit Athens in 430 B.C. killing 1/3 of the city’s population Eventually Sparta allied with the Persians to build a navy 405 B.C. Sparta began a blockade of Athens that eventually ended the war

19. PEOPLE OF THE WAR Alcibiades Lysander

20. PUNISHMENT FOR ATHENS Dismantle the navy Tear down the walls Get rid of democracy