1. T. O’Donnell, Ph.D. | twod@umich.edu | TomOD.com Primary Energy Resources Opening Plenary Session Tom O’Donnell, Ph.D. The New School University, NYC Universidad Central de Venezuela-CENDES, Caracas

2. T. O’Donnell, Ph.D. | twod@umich.edu | TomOD.com2 IPCC 2007

3. T. O’Donnell, Ph.D. | twod@umich.edu | TomOD.com3 3 IPCC 2007 2004

4. T. O’Donnell, Ph.D. | twod@umich.edu | TomOD.com4 IPCC 2007

5. T. O’Donnell, Ph.D. | twod@umich.edu | TomOD.com5 IPCC 2007

6. T. O’Donnell, Ph.D. | twod@umich.edu | TomOD.com6 6 Uranium Uranium w/ Breeding Coal Gas Conventional Oil IPCC 2007

7. T. O’Donnell, Ph.D. | twod@umich.edu | TomOD.com7 Uranium Coal Gas Conventional Oil Solar Wind Geothermal Biomass Hydro IPCC 2007

8. T. O’Donnell, Ph.D. | twod@umich.edu | TomOD.com8 Losses Buildings Industry Transport IPCC 2007

9. Two Categories of Primary Energy: T. O’Donnell, Ph.D. | twod@umich.edu | TomOD.com9 9 CHP  Electricity  Hydrogen  Biofuels  IPCC 2007

10. T. O’Donnell, Ph.D. | twod@umich.edu | TomOD.com10T. O’Donnell, Ph.D. | twod@umich.edu | TomOD.com10 IPCC 2007

11. Two Categories of Primary Energy: T. O’Donnell, Ph.D. | twod@umich.edu | TomOD.com11T. O’Donnell, Ph.D. | twod@umich.edu | TomOD.com11 Part I. Global Energy System

12. Two Categories of Primary Energy: T. O’Donnell, Ph.D. | twod@umich.edu | TomOD.com12 Global Energy System: - 2004 Source: 4 th IPCC, from IEA 2006

13. Two Categories of Primary Energy: T. O’Donnell, Ph.D. | twod@umich.edu | TomOD.com13 Global Energy System: - 2030 Source: IPCC from IEA 2006

14. Transport - 95% oil Electricity - Diversified T. O’Donnell, Ph.D. | twod@umich.edu | TomOD.com14 Observation:

15. T. O’Donnell, Ph.D. | twod@umich.edu | TomOD.com 15 ProjectionsHistory World Primary Energy Demand Source: IEA WEA reference scenario 2006 Oil #1

16. T. O’Donnell, Ph.D. | twod@umich.edu | TomOD.com16 - Global Warming - Depletion? - Geo Location? - Traffic Congestion? - Alternatives? And Oil Has Issues:

17. T. O’Donnell, Ph.D. | twod@umich.edu | TomOD.com17 Jan 1, 2005 Petroleum Reserves

18. T. O’Donnell, Ph.D. | twod@umich.edu | TomOD.com18 Jan 1, 2005 Petroleum Reserves 60% Persian Gulf

19. T. O’Donnell, Ph.D. | twod@umich.edu | TomOD.com19 U.S. Corn Ethanol

20. T. O’Donnell, Ph.D. | twod@umich.edu | TomOD.com20 10 days of oil = 27% corn U.S. Corn Ethanol

21. T. O’Donnell, Ph.D. | twod@umich.edu | TomOD.com21 Oil Consumption per capita EIA 2003 Gallons per day per capita

22. T. O’Donnell, Ph.D. | twod@umich.edu | TomOD.com22  Ethanol Oil Consumption per capita Gallons per day per capita

23. T. O’Donnell, Ph.D. | twod@umich.edu | TomOD.com23 ReservesMore Uncertain Potential liquid hydrocarbon production (Gbbl) Cost $/barrel Oil & Substitutes

24. T. O’Donnell, Ph.D. | twod@umich.edu | TomOD.com24 ReservesMore Uncertain Potential liquid hydrocarbon production (Gbbl) Cost $/barrel Oil & Substitutes

25. T. O’Donnell, Ph.D. | twod@umich.edu | TomOD.com25 ReservesMore Uncertain Potential liquid hydrocarbon production (Gbbl) Oil & Substitutes

26. Hours Delay per peak traveler T. O’Donnell, Ph.D. | twod@umich.edu | TomOD.com26 City Size Congestion U.S. Cities – 20 Yrs. 2002 1992 1982 Federal Highway Administration

27. Oil Solution: Not Alternative Fuels T. O’Donnell, Ph.D. | twod@umich.edu | TomOD.com27 But Alternative Modes

28. Primary Resources The End T. O’Donnell, Ph.D. | twod@umich.edu | TomOD.com28