1. Harry Kroto 2004 Candle Flame. http://www.nationmaster.com/encyclopedia/Flame

2. http://www.woodrow.org/teachers/ci/1992/BUNSEN.GIF

3. yj-education.com Bunsen Burner

4. Harry Kroto 2004 at: commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bunsen_burner...commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bunsen_burner...

5. Harry Kroto 2004

6. In zero gravity, convection does not carry the hot combustion products away from the fuel source, resulting in a spherical flame front.zero gravity at: chemistry.about.com/.../f/firegravity.htm chemistry.about.com/.../f/firegravity.htm

7. www.me.berkeley.edu/cpl/research/fist/fist.html

8. Harry Kroto 2004 Different flame types of a Bunsen burner depend on oxygen supply. On the left a rich fuel mixture with no premixed oxygen produces a yellow sooty diffusion flame and on the right a lean fully oxygen premixed flame produces no soot and the flame color is produced by molecular radical band emission.band emission

9. Harry Kroto 2004 Sodium Flame Test

10. LineCaused by..Wavelength (Å) LineCaused by..Wavelength (Å) AO2O2 7594-7621dFe4668 BO2O2 6867-6884eFe4384 CH6563fH4340 aO2O2 6276-6287GFe & Ca4308 D - 1, 2Na5896 & 5890gCa4227 EFe5270hH4102 b - 1, 2Mg5184 & 5173HCa3968 cFe4958KCa3934 FH4861 at: web.me.com/dtrapp/ePhysics.f/labII_9.htmlweb.me.com/dtrapp/ePhysics.f/labII_9.html

13. Harry Kroto 2004 NaCl