1. DISTRACTIONS DURING BRIDGE WATCH

2. MAIN DISTRACTIONS Distractions could be caused due to Workload, stress or fatigue Unexpected VHF call which occupies the full attention of the OOW and results in the exclusion of more urgent needs Unexpected calls from engine room, Inadequacy and confusion due to lack of experience. Other distractions. These errors, if not rectified in time, could result in formation of an error chain.

3. MAIN DISTRACTIONS An effective way to detect an error is by cross checks. Error thus detected can be eliminated. The effective time to correct such errors is at the time of handing over / taking over watch as the crosschecks can now be carried out by a second person. Check on errors are traditionally explained as ' a stitch in time saves nine" or " but for the horse shoe nail the battle was lost"

4. WORKLOAD, STRESS & FATIGUE Lack of sleep:  Cumulative;  The need to sleep. Circadian rhythm:  Physiological and behavioural process;  Ups and downs. Consequences:  Poor judgment;  Slower reactions;  Forgetting systematic checks;  Decrease in problem-solving ability;  Withdrawal

5. UNEXPECTED VHF CALLS  Passing through high traffic zone.  Continuous communication noise on VHF.  Unexpected/urgent VHF/distress call to attended.  GMDSS calls.

6. UNEXPECTED CALLS FROM ENGINE ROOM Very frequent calls from Engine room for routine operations/ information's during critical navigation passage.

7. CONFUSION DUE TO LACK OF EXPERIENCE Insufficient work experience and work knowledge also creates lot of confusion and then distracts the watch keeper from taking right approach/decision during critical times.

8. UNEXPECTED DISTURBANCE MASTER:  Telephone calls – personal, official, agents, others.  Emails: responding to pre-arrival or departure information.  Family- WIFE AND KIDS. ( if on board)  Ship staff on bridge NAVIGATING TEAM  Engaged in other paper work / Pending job assigned to them.  Telephone calls – mostly personal  Involves with paperwork, mail, arrival / departure papers or requisitions etc. TV, RADIO, NEWSPAPER / MAGZINES, I-PADS ETC. INEFFICIENT BRIDGE AIRCON / NOISE / GLARE ETC.

9. HOW TO AVOID DISTRACTION  Adequate rest prior taking over watch.  Zero fatigue level.  Avoid stress and other work pressure during watch.  For unexpected VHF/Distress calls seek additional persons for handling them.  Advise E/R to call bridge only in urgency during critical navigation. Keep outgoings calls brief and to the point.  NO personal phone calls from bridge, TV, Radio or any other similar equipment should be allowed on bridge.  Any extra person, family / other ship staff to present on board during critical navigation. No meals on Bridge.  Avoid idle conversations, jokes with staff / Pilots etc.  Avoid mail reception, transmission and other non essential works. Focus on the job at hand.

10. THANK YOU The final piece of advise – Navigation Bridge is to be kept free of clutter and unnecessary visitors during critical periods.