1. The Atlantic Network Africa & Latin America: The Atlantic Network Chapter 19 & 20

2. European exploration perhaps exemplified by Columbus in 1492 But, don’t forget about Henry the Navigator Era of Global Interaction

3. Remember? European’s new technologies Succession of European maritime powers 1. Portugal (1400s) 2. Spain (1500s) 3. Dutch (1600s) 4. Britain (1700s)

4. Creating a Maritime System European exploration fosters a new type of empire building: Control of port cities, shipping lanes, & profits rather than territory Dominance & territorial gain was gradual European enclaves limited to coasts Less imposition of culture on locals

6. Imperialism? 1450-1750 constitutes the first wave of European imperialism “Imperialism” Root of word = the act of building an empire More broadly = umbrella term that includes different types of imperialism, like colonialism, but commonality of one country economically dominating another Thus, 1450-1750 is not the “Age of Imperialism” yet, but it does begin

7. The Atlantic Network Summarized by: Sugar! Silver! Slaves! Africa & Latin America dominated by Portugal & Spain Because they’re the 1 st explorers… Other Europeans must take lands or fight for scraps Spain & Portugal motivated by: Gold! God! Glory!

8. Africa & the Atlantic Network Africa & the Atlantic Network Chapter 20

9. Postclassical Legacy Bantu migrations Gold-Salt Trade –Vibrant powerful kingdoms culturally & economically enriched by trade Mansa Musa

10. Portuguese Arrive Why the Portuguese? –Treaty of Tordesillas agreement b/t Spain & Portugal in 1494 in which Spain got rights to all lands west of the line of demarcation & Portugal got all lands east.

12. Portuguese Tap Existing Trade Send factors (agents / merchants) Build forts to protect lucrative trade (“factories”) Capitalize on pre-existing trade (previously spurred by Islam) –Gold, slaves

13. Factories: El Mina

17. African Rivalries Trade w/ Europeans brings power & opportunities –African societies jockey for trade –Greater willingness to trade slaves

18. African Dependence Thirst for revenue & power ultimately led Africans to be dependent on European trade for slaves

19. Process of the Slave Trade

20. Moving Summarization Hand signals to review sequence. Example: 5 Pillars American Revolution –Stamp Act -> Taxation -> Declaration of Independence -> Revolution -> Surrender -> George Washington

21. Moving Summarization Review your notes: Use hand/arm movements to relay the steps of the Atlantic slave trade from their source to their destination.

30. Creation of a Triangle Trade

31. Modern Slavery? -Read your article about modern slavery. -Then analyze how slavery has changed & stayed the same since the 1500s

32. Trans-Atlantic vs. Modern Slavery Changes?Continuities? Summarize article for partners. Causes? Effects? Parties involved?

33. Modern Slavery? Based on the article, complete 5 of the following. 1.I predict that… 2.I was reminded of _________________ when I read… 3.__________________________ happened because… 4.I wonder… 5.A question I have is… 6.I’m confused about… 7.The big ideas are…

35. West & Central African Kingdoms: Asante, Dahomey, Benin, Kongo

36. Those who participate in slave trade: –Become larger, more militarized & more centralized –Wealthy enriched & empowered –Competed to win favor & trade advantages from the Europeans

37. Kongo What is the lesson learned from Kongo’s experience? –African leaders pressured to satisfy European demands or become targets for slave raiders –Some Africans resisted –Resistance often led to decline Lost power militarily & economically to participating neighbors Spector of wealth sometimes led African merchants & nobles to circumvent royal decrees

38. What a person says is impacted by who they are and where they are This is known as “point of view” in WHAP –explaining how the circumstances and background of the author affect a document Some things that impact pov: –Political ideology, Class, Race, Religion, Nationality, Profession, Gender Not simply bias – everyone is biased

39. Common Ways to Address POV Analyze the point of view of King Afonso. –“_________ (author) emphasizes _________ (content) because ________ (circumstance).” –“_________ (author) attempts to persuade _________ (content) because ________ (circumstance).” –“_________ (author) attempts to justify _________ (content) because ________ (circumstance).”

40. Comparing W.Af & E.Af SimilaritiesDifferences

41. Comparing W.Af & Southern Africa SimilaritiesDifferences