1. Circulatory System (in detail)

2. 2 CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

3. Parts of Circulatory System Heart muscular pump that keeps blood moving throughout the system Blood contains fluids, red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets Blood vessels carry blood to all of the body cells

4. Types of Blood Vessels Arteries carry blood away from heart Veins carries blood back to heart Capillaries tiny blood vessels (arteries) Gas exchange occurs here

5. The Heart a muscular pump containing 4 chambers Made of cardiac muscle that does not tire, unlike other muscles 2 smaller chambers at the top called atria (singular atrium) 2 larger chamber at the bottom called ventricles There are valves separating chambers Valves prevent backflow of blood

6. Chambers of the Heart

7. 1. Into vena cava 2. Into right atrium 3. Down to right ventricle 4. Out pulmonary artery to lungs ¨ Gets O 2 and dumps CO 2 5. Back to heart through pulmonary vein 6. Into left atrium 7. Down to left ventricle 8. Out aorta to body Blood flow through the heart

8. Largest vein Largest artery http://sumanasinc.com/webcontent/animations/content/humanheart.html

9. A B C D E F H G TO LUNGS FROM LUNGS TO BODY FROMB ODY

10. Two Main Parts of Circulatory System Pulmonary Circuit  Blood goes from heart to lungs to pick up O 2 and release CO 2 Systemic Circuit  Blood pumped out of heart to the rest of the body (systems) The path of the blood through the body is HEART  LUNGS  HEART  BODY  HEART

11. Pulmonary Vein: Only vein that carries OXYGENATED blood Pulmonary Artery: Only artery that carries DEOXYGENATED blood

12. 12 Blood flow through the body uses blood vessels Arteries take oxygenated blood away from the heart No valves Break into capillaries

13. 13 Capillaries Very small vessels  Gases diffuse across very thin wall of small vessels Dumps off O 2 ; picks up CO 2  Carries oxygenated blood  Nutrients and oxygen leave the blood and go into the body tissue

14. 14 Veins take deoxygenated blood back to heart Have one-way valves

15. Blood flow through rest of body http://sumanasinc.com /webcontent/animation s/content/humanheart. html

16. Circulatory System Functions 1. Carry O 2 to cells and CO 2 away from cells 2. Deliver nutrients through body (after absorption in small intestine) 3. Carry wastes away from cells (H 2 O, salts, ions, urea) 4. Helps fight infections (immune system) 5. Temperature regulation

17. Circulatory System and Homeostasis (Maintain O 2 /CO 2 Levels) When cells need more oxygen, sensors in the walls of major arteries send signals to brain stem (medulla/pons) Medulla/pons coordinates with respiratory and circulatory systems to increase oxygen flow to cells and maintain homeostasis Releases CO 2 in process

18. Circulatory System and Homeostasis (Maintain Temperature…aka: thermoregulation) In cold environments, blood vessels constrict in arms/legs to keep the torso and brain warm  THINK: Constrict = come together In hot environments, blood vessels dilate (get bigger) and release excess heat.

19. Plasma Red blood cell White blood cell Platelet s Blood has 4 parts Remember: Blood is a CONNECTIVE tissue

20. contain hemoglobin and iron, which holds oxygen and carries it to cells that need it; can also remove some CO 2 can change shape to squeeze through capillaries. A disc that is round and flat Red Blood Cells (Erthyocytes)

21. There are many different types! Much bigger than RBC’s Fight infection and used in immune system White Blood Cells (Leukocytes)

22. Platelets are bits of cell broken off larger cells. Platelets produce tiny fibers to form a net. This net traps other blood cells to form a blood clot. Platelets

23. A straw-colored sticky liquid that carries RBCs/WBCs cells and platelets; mostly water Plasma

24. ADULT STEM CELL

25. Blood Disorders Anemia  Too little iron in blood, resulting in less ability to carry oxygen Sickle-cell anemia  misshaped RBC’s  RBC’s get clogged in small capillaries  Less ability to carry oxygen Hemophilia  genetic disorder that prevents clotting Leukemia  cancer of white blood cells