1. The protein kinase Pstol1 from traditional rice confers tolerance of phosphorus deficiency
Gamuyao et al., Nature
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2. Biological role
Phosphorus (P) is an essential macronutrient for plant growth
It is central to a majority of the molecular constituents required for the functioning of plant cells.
DNA; RNA; Proteins; Lipids; Sugars, ATP, ADP, and NADPH
It is indispensable in agricultural production
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3. The problem of phosphorus
Kochian Nature 488, 466–467 (2012) doi: /488466a
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4. Origin of the donor variety Kasalath
Pup1
aus-type variety
Aoosh (early)
This group of rice is famously known to tolerate difficult growing conditions
R Gamuyao et al. Nature 488, (2012) doi: /nature11346
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5. R Gamuyao et al. Nature 488, 535-539 (2012) doi:10.1038/nature11346
Phosphorus uptake 1 (Pup1) candidate genes
OsPupK46-2
R Gamuyao et al. Nature 488, (2012) doi: /nature11346
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6. R Gamuyao et al. Nature 488, 535-539 (2012) doi:10.1038/nature11346
Which one is the major determinant of P-deficiency
tolerance in Kasalath?
-P conditions With or without P fertilizer
Nipponbare near-isogenic lines(NILs)
OsPupK46-2
Phosphorus-Starvation Tolerance 1
Postl 1 is the major genetic determinant of P-deficiency tolerance
R Gamuyao et al. Nature 488, (2012) doi: /nature11346
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7. R Gamuyao et al. Nature 488, 535-539 (2012) doi:10.1038/nature11346
How Pstol1 involved with the P-efficient ?
in vitro phosphorylation assay
Pstol1 is a functional protein kinase
R Gamuyao et al. Nature 488, (2012) doi: /nature11346
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8. R Gamuyao et al. Nature 488, 535-539 (2012) doi:10.1038/nature11346
PSTOL1 overexpression enhances tolerance of P
deficiency
35S::PSTOL1
Indica
Japonica
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R Gamuyao et al. Nature 488, (2012) doi: /nature11346

9. R Gamuyao et al. Nature 488, 535-539 (2012) doi:10.1038/nature11346
The larger root system also enhanced the uptake of other nutrients
R Gamuyao et al. Nature 488, (2012) doi: /nature11346
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10. How Pstol1 involved with the P-efficient?
By enhancing root growth?
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11. R Gamuyao et al. Nature 488, 535-539 (2012) doi:10.1038/nature11346
Really ?
10mM
100mM
Pstol1
IR64 transgenics
PSTOL1 is an enhancer of root growth and independent of phosphorus or soil-related conditions
R Gamuyao et al. Nature 488, (2012) doi: /nature11346
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12. R Gamuyao et al. Nature 488, 535-539 (2012) doi:10.1038/nature11346
RNA interference in Kasalath
RNA interference downregulate the expression of Pstol1 in Kasalath caused a significant reduction in root number and root surface area,
PSTOL1 is an enhancer of root growth!
R Gamuyao et al. Nature 488, (2012) doi: /nature11346
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13. R Gamuyao et al. Nature 488, 535-539 (2012) doi:10.1038/nature11346
How PSTOL1 enhance root growth?
The expression of PSTOL1 during root development
Main root system
Parenchymatic cells
Crown root
Crown Root Primordia
Emerging crown roots
Further, in order to find out how pstol1 enhance root growth. The expression of Pstol1 during root development was analyzed by expressing the GUS reporter gene under the control of native Pstol1 promoter in transgenic plants.
Specific GUS staining was detected in stem nodes, where crown root was formed, which constitute the main root system.
Within the nodes, GUS staining was restricted to Crown Root Primordia and parenchymatic cells.
In older plants, GUS staining was additionally detected in the cells surrounding vascular bundles.
However, no GUS staining was observed in older and emerging crown root or the seminal root.
So, taken together, the data indicated that pstol1 is a regulator of early crown root development and root growth in rice
vascular bundles
PSTOL1 is a regulator of early crown root development and root growth
R Gamuyao et al. Nature 488, (2012) doi: /nature11346
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14. PSTOL1 putative downstream genes
23 genes related to root growth and stress response with constitutively higher or lower expression in the transgenic plants were identified
R Gamuyao et al. Nature 488, (2012) doi: /nature11346
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15. PSTOL1 putative downstream genes
delay leaf senescence
in rice
a positive regulator of
root cell differentiation
21 of these differentially expressed genes co-localize with QTLs related to drought tolerance and root growth
R Gamuyao et al. Nature 488, (2012) doi: /nature11346
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