1. Shanghai Jiao Tong University 上海交通大学软件工程中心 Object Oriented Analysis and Design Model Driven Development

2. Object Oriented Analysis and Design 2 波音 747  超过 6 百万个零件，仅机尾就有上百 个零件  能承载上百个旅客  能不停地飞行上千公里

3. Object Oriented Analysis and Design 3 波音 747  当波音在 60 年代开始生产 747 的时候， 一共画了 75 ， 000 张工程图 因为他们正在生产一个极其复杂的系统， 而且不能出哪怕是一点点的差错 为什么？

4. Object Oriented Analysis and Design 4 软件开发也同样复杂 人与系统的交 互 交易，存储 子系统，模 块，分布式 成千上万行程序 可靠性， 可扩展性 系统安全 模型

5. Object Oriented Analysis and Design 5 什么是模型

6. Object Oriented Analysis and Design 6 什么是模型驱动开发？ Model-driven Development (MDD) is a challenging approach to software engineering that is expected to change the way systems are developed. It postulates the model as the main artifact being developed rather than the code.

7. Object Oriented Analysis and Design 7 Unify business and software teams with model-driven business integration Improve productivity by providing a choice of modeling paradigms Make reuse practical with asset-based development Software Construction Modeling Management Deployment Web Requirements and Application Data Business Processes 模型驱动开发 A strategic initiative to automate the integration, generation, modernization, visualization, and reuse of software artifacts

8. Object Oriented Analysis and Design 8 模型驱动开发成熟度方阵 Smaller Semantic Gap

9. Object Oriented Analysis and Design 9 Level 0: Manual package com.megabank.loan; import javax.ejb.EntityBean; public abstract class LoanBean implements EntityBean { private javax.ejb.EntityContext entityContext; public LoanBean() {} public void ejbActivate() {} public void ejbPassivate() {} public void ejbRemove() {} public void ejbLoad() {} public void ejbStore() {} public javax.ejb.EntityContext getEntityContext() { return entityContext; } public void setEntityContext(javax.ejb.EntityContext entityContext) { this.entityContext = entityContext; } public void unsetEntityContext() {} public abstract void setRate(java.lang.Float rate); public abstract java.lang.Float getRate(); public abstract void setAmount(java.lang.Float amount); public abstract java.lang.Float getAmount(); public abstract void setBalance(java.lang.Float balance); public abstract java.lang.Float getBalance(); public abstract void setTermMonths(java.lang.Integer termMonths); public abstract java.lang.Integer getTermMonths(); public java.lang.String ejbCreate() throws javax.ejb.CreateException { return null; } public void ejbPostCreate() {} public abstract void setId(java.lang.Long aId); public abstract java.lang.Long getId(); … }

10. Object Oriented Analysis and Design 10 Level 1: Visualization  通常是由代码逆 向产生模型图  目的  文档化  浏览  理解

11. Object Oriented Analysis and Design 11 Level 2: Synchronization  模型和代码保持 同步  自动  手工  修改模型或代码

12. Object Oriented Analysis and Design 12 Level 3: Patterns And Code Templates  “A pattern provides a common solution to a problem in a specific context” (Grady Booch)  非常容易的重用成功验证的 设计  各种 pattern 包括  GoF Patterns  IBM e-business patterns  Sun’s J2EE patterns  Code template 允许代码级的 重用

13. Object Oriented Analysis and Design 13 Level 4: Platform Independence Platform- Independent Model Platform-Specific Model PIM 可以用来产生各种平台的 解决方案 PIM 不会因为技术或程序语言 等的变化而受到影响 Refinement Transformations Platform-Specific Model Platform-Specific Model A Transformations improve adoption of new platform technology

14. Object Oriented Analysis and Design 14 Level 5: Executable Models  模型本身可以执 行  用户基本上面对 的是模型

15. Object Oriented Analysis and Design 15 Level 6: MDD Vision Requirements, Use Cases Systems and Business Engineering Design Patterns and traceability Customizable transformations CodeApplication Build and Deploy Test and Instrumentation Debugging

16. Object Oriented Analysis and Design 16 Level 6 Future Possibilities  模型驱动排错  例如断点设在模型 上而不是在代码上  可视化运行时分析  例如线程等